Why are dirks not melee weapons? On what grounds is a knife not a bladed weapon? What bladed weapons are prohibited?

It seems like a simple question, but let's turn to the letter of the law and visualize it.

Signs of edged weapons. Parameters and characteristics of knives that are not edged weapons (in accordance with GOSTs).
The requirements below should apply to knives manufactured both industrially and homemade, both Russian and foreign. However, a lot depends on the expert conducting the examination; as you know, the law can be interpreted very differently, and the expert is also a person, he has superiors to whom he must obey, a wife who must be fed, and personal hostility (or vice versa, affection ) cannot be excluded.

In accordance with GOSTs, knives that meet the following requirements (at least one) are not considered weapons:

Knives whose blades are not adapted for stabbing are not weapons:

1. Knives without a tip. The tip can be replaced with any tool (screwdriver, chisel more than 3 mm wide), or rounded.

The edge of the knife blade is deliberately blunted and has a plane more than 3 mm wide.

This is the only sign that classifies these products into the household household category. (you must remember that when sharpening the edge of the blade, the parameters of the product change and these knives can easily turn into edged weapons with all the ensuing consequences).

2. Knives with an edge located above the spine line by more than 5 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 2

Approximate diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 2. It should be noted that knives that meet this characteristic have no restrictions on the length of the blade and the presence of finger stops.

This Tanto style knife has a blade length of 188 mm and a tip located more than 5 mm above the butt line.

The knife has a blade length of 210 mm and the tip is located above the butt line by more than 5 mm.

3. Knives with a maximum deflection of the blade spine of more than 5 mm for a blade length of up to 180 mm and more than 10 mm for a blade length of more than 180 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 3

4. Knives with a spine concave by more than 5 mm, with a length of up to 180 mm.

5. Knives with a concave angle of more than 10mm. butt, with a blade length of more than 180 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 6

The knife, at a distance of 1/3 of the blade's length from the tip, has a sharpened hook designed for ripping skins, cutting nets, cutting slings, and whatever your imagination dictates.

7. Knives in which the amount of deflection of the butt and the upper part of the handle of the knife, which has the shape of an arc in the form of a “rocker”, upward from the conventional straight line connecting the tip of the blade and the upper end of the handle, exceeds 15 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 7

8. Knives with a blade shorter than 90mm.

A set of two daggers with a blade length of 80 mm each.

9. Knives in which the blade and spine, or the main one and the one made on the spine, converge at an angle of more than 70 degrees.

10. Knives are thicker than 5-6mm.

11. Knives without a sharpened blade(the descents are displayed, but the RC is missing).

Knives with a handle that does not provide a reliable hold when pricking:

The absence of stops (limiters for fingers) on this dagger makes its handle dangerous in the event of a stabbing blow; this is the only sign classifying this product as a household item, etc. If you add stops to its design, the dagger becomes a 100% melee weapon, you can even “don’t go to a fortune teller..” (fans of improvements need to remember this point).

12. Knives with handles shorter than 70mm.

This butcher knife has a handle length of 40 mm. It also corresponds to feature No. 8 since it has a blade 70 mm long.

13. Knives with a barrel-shaped handle, in which the difference between the maximum diameter in the middle part of the barrel-shaped handle and the minimum diameter in the pommel area does not exceed 8 mm.

Diagram of a knife corresponding to feature No. 13

The dagger has a border between the maximum diameter in the middle part of the barrel-shaped handle and the minimum diameter in the pommel area of no more than 8 mm.

14. Knives with a single (one-sided, or two-sided in total) limiter or a single finger groove less than 5 mm.

15. Knives that have more than one notch or limiter, their size should be less than 4 mm.

In a knife for diving and extreme tourism, the heel of the blade, which acts as a limiter, is deliberately narrowed and has a thickness of 3.5 mm, while thickening of the blade towards the tip is allowed (the thickness of the butt of the knife is 4.0+ mm).

Knives that do not provide the required strength of the blade or the entire structure:

16. Knives with blades whose hardness is less than 25HRC.

The hardness of the blade of this replica bayonet does not exceed 25HRC.

17. Knives with a developed stop or finger groove, with a blade length of up to 150 mm and a thickness of less than 2.5 mm.

This feature includes a huge number of knives, including those of excellent quality. All knives with a straight blade (up to 150 mm), a pronounced edge (the angle of convergence of the blade and spine is less than 70 degrees), developed finger stops or finger grooves and are freely sold in the Russian Federation, have a spine thickness of less than 2.5 mm (usually 2.2 -2.4), otherwise it is no longer possible to sell freely, while the hardness of the blade has no restrictions. Such knives are considered as supposedly “not providing the necessary strength of the blade or the entire structure,” all this is very relative; a knife with a spine thickness of 2.2 mm is able to help out its owner in almost any situation.

And in conclusion I would like to say the following: A man armed with a dagger is less dangerous than a man armed with an idea. Remember this)) Peace and goodness to everyone!

There is currently a huge selection of knives in stores. Some of them are household items, others are bladed weapons. It is the latter that we would like to talk about. So, for example, if you want to buy a household knife for the kitchen, then this is not a problem, but if you intend to buy a knife related to edged weapons, then you should think several times before.

No permit (for smooth, rifled, traumatic weapons) allows you to walk down the street with edged weapons. In other words, you won’t be able to carry it in the city like a keychain or a gas can... You can transport it to a workshop to sharpen it, or to a hunt, where you can use it as an auxiliary tool.

Thus, carrying bladed weapons in the city is prohibited! You can purchase it, store it, transport it and use it for hunting. areas only when hunting is permitted.

Cold steel is a weapon intended to hit a target by applying human muscular force in direct contact with the target.

Do you know? No? In this case, do not miss our article.

What kind of knife is considered a cold weapon in Russia?

Let's try to figure out which weapons are considered “cold” and which are “warm”, and which knife you can use in the city.

The Karambit knife is not a bladed weapon

According to GOST of the Russian Federation, the following knives are not considered edged weapons:

Folding knives, provided that the length of the blade is less than 15 cm. That is, if you purchased a folding knife, measure the length of the blade, and if the length is less than 15 cm, then this knife is classified as a household knife.
The blade length of a fixed knife is less than 9 cm.
If the handle of the knife does not provide safety for the hand during a stabbing blow. Regardless of whether it is a folding knife or a fixed one.
Butt design. For example, if there is a hook on the butt.
If there is a deflection of the cutting edge, the knife also belongs to the household knife.
If the tip of the blade is located 5 mm above the butt line.
No point. Some manufacturers deliberately file off the tip and make it in the form of a “screwdriver head,” thereby depriving the knife of one of the characteristic features inherent in edged weapons.
A handle limiter (guard) with a thickness of less than 3.5 mm is considered traumatic and, therefore, the knife is not a chemical weapon.
Blade thickness less than 2.4 mm.

Signs classifying edged weapons are described in GOST R 51500-99.

Any household knife can be used as a bladed weapon (for example, in self-defense), but this does not mean that it is one. In order for a knife to be considered a weapon, it must simultaneously contain all design features XO.

Currently, in order to purchase edged weapons, in accordance with the Federal Law “On Weapons”, you must have a license and registration with the Ministry of Internal Affairs. However, in September 2016, a decision was made to simplify the acquisition and sale of chemical weapons. Those. In order to buy a hunting knife or a replica of an antique weapon, you will no longer need a license. In our opinion, this is a reasonable action, because if you judge, a knife related to household use is no less dangerous than a knife related to a bladed weapon. And, manufacturers have long learned to circumvent the laws... (it is enough to make the dagger 1 cm shorter or cut off the tip, and this knife is already “household.”). These amendments will make it possible to freely purchase, for example, high-quality Japanese kitchen knives, which have all the features of edged weapons.

Now you can determine which knife is considered a bladed weapon and which is considered a household weapon, and, if necessary, prove this for a number of reasons.

Parameters and characteristics of knives that are not edged weapons (in accordance with GOSTs).

The idea has long been ripening to write a note about the parameters and characteristics of knives that are not chemical weapons. It was supposed to provide the text with corresponding photos for greater clarity. However, either it took me a long time to plan, or I’m not the only one so smart :)), but such a note turned out to be already written (without me). And it is posted on the online store website Klyk.ru . True, hands were itching to supplement the material with the missing photographs and thus make a feasible contribution to the general good of educating the masses regarding the signs of chemical weapons. This is what came out of it.

The requirements below should apply to knives manufactured both industrially and homemade, both Russian and foreign. However, a lot depends on the expert conducting the examination; as you know, the law can be interpreted very differently, and the expert is also a person, he has superiors to whom he must obey, a wife who must be fed, and personal hostility (or vice versa, affection ) cannot be excluded.

In accordance with GOSTs, knives that meet the following requirements (at least one) are not considered weapons:

Knives whose blades are not adapted for stabbing are not weapons:

1. Knives without a tip. The tip can be replaced with any tool (screwdriver, chisel more than 3 mm wide), or rounded.
Real examples of feature No. 1 from the Klyk.ru store!

The blade tip of the Pirat HK5696 survival knife is deliberately made in the form of a screwdriver and has a flat surface more than 3 mm wide. This is the only sign classifying this product as a household item.

2. Knives with an edge located above the spine line by more than 5 mm.

This Tanto style knife has a blade length of 188 mm and a tip located more than 5 mm above the butt line.

The Vityaz Cayman knife has a blade length of 210 mm and a tip located above the spine line by more than 5 mm.

3. Knives with a maximum deflection of the blade spine of more than 5 mm for a blade length of up to 180 mm and more than 10 mm for a blade length of more than 180 mm.

4. Knives with a spine concave by more than 5 mm, with a blade length of up to 180 mm.

8. Knives with a blade shorter than 90mm.

9. Knives in which the blade and spine, or the main one and the one made on the spine, converge at an angle of more than 70 degrees.

10. Knives are thicker than 5-6mm.

11. Knives without a sharpened blade (the triggers are removed, but the RK is missing).

Knives with a handle that does not provide a reliable hold when pricking:

12. Knives with handles shorter than 70mm.

This Harpy butcher knife from NOX has a handle length of 40 mm. It also corresponds to feature No. 8 since it has a blade 70 mm long.

The Vityaz dagger B110-33 has a boundary between the maximum diameter in the middle part of the barrel-shaped handle and the minimum diameter in the pommel area of no more than 8 mm.

14. Knives with a single (one-sided, or two-sided in total) limiter or a single finger groove less than 5 mm.

15. Knives that have more than one notch or limiter, their size should be less than 4 mm.

In the diving and extreme tourism knife "Storm" from SARO, the heel of the blade, which acts as a limiter, is deliberately narrowed and has a thickness of 3.5 mm, while thickening of the blade towards the tip is allowed (the thickness of the butt of the "Storm" knife is 4.0+ mm).

16. Knives with blades whose hardness is less than 25HRC.

17. Knives with a developed stop or finger groove, with a blade length of up to 150 mm and a thickness of less than 2.5 mm.

Nowadays, on the shelves of gun stores and in people’s private collections there are countless weapons, including bladed ones. Which of these falls specifically into the latter category? How can one distinguish a dangerous, maybe even deadly, object from an ordinary, everyday one? Now we will look at the signs of edged weapons, which are clearly recorded by GOSTs, as well as by the laws of our country. We will also consider the classification of these items and their varieties.

weapon?

This term refers to items that, as a rule, relate to the sports, hunting, and military spheres. They are characterized by the fact that their work is not associated with flammable or explosive substances, electricity or gas. In general, an item that can cause severe injury or even death is a bladed weapon. Signs and classification will be given below. Conventionally, weapons of this type are divided into two categories - hand-held and thrown. Among the types that have existed and exist today, the following can be listed: contact, thrown, bladed, impact, polearm, chopping, cutting, piercing, shock-crushing.

Brief description of the section

All parameters that will be given below relate to piercing and cutting objects that are manufactured both in the Russian Federation and abroad. For example, the characteristics of a bladed weapon on a knife will apply to any type of this product, regardless of the place of production, the specific or general date of manufacture and its history. The same applies to the manufacturer himself. Signs of a bladed weapon according to GOST will apply to both a factory product and a dagger, sword, etc. In the event of a controversial situation (at the border, in the police and similar places), the expert will proceed strictly from the parameters of the item that you have , comparing them with generally accepted standards. Thus, whether signs of a bladed weapon will be found in your knife or blade, or not - this verdict will solve the problem. Therefore, initially we decided to present a classification of those items that go beyond the scope of our described category.

The blade is not suitable for thrusting

Cases where a knife is not a bladed weapon include the following:

The handle does not meet certain standards

Now let’s look at the reasons why a knife is not a bladed weapon if it has an edge, the required length, and the corresponding parameters. A very important part of such a weapon is the handle, which ensures reliable fixation of the weapon by hand. If there are problems with it, or if its size is too small or too large, then the specific item falls out of the category of edged weapons. So, let's list the main points on this topic:

The handle is shorter than 70 mm.
The handle has a barrel shape, and the difference between its maximum and minimum diameter is no more than 8 mm.
The subfinger notch has parameters of less than 5 mm.
If there is more than one recess or limiter on the handle, the size of each should not exceed 4 mm.
The hardness of the blade does not meet the 25 HRC standard.
The handle is sawn or broken.
The blade is loosely embedded in the handle, wobbles or falls out of it.
The blade is made of a material that does not provide sufficient strength (aluminum, plastic, etc.).

Specific examples

Well, we have familiarized ourselves with the standards and parameters, and then we will look at which knives are not edged weapons, what they are called and where they are used. The most common characteristic is that the knife may not have a point. It is replaced with something similar to a screwdriver or chisels. An example of this is the Pirat HK5696 knife, the tip of which is specially made to be blunt and has a width of more than 3 mm. A similar situation can be observed with the blade-knife called “Katran-1”. Its plane also exceeds the required parameter - 3 mm, and the blade is dull. These items could be included in the category of “survival knives,” but just by one sign they turn into ordinary household products.

Famous weapons that aren't actually weapons

So, which knives are not edged weapons based on other criteria? The most striking representative of this category is the Tanto style blade. Its tip is located higher than the butt line, and this value exceeds the 5 mm mark, which immediately excludes it from the category of edged weapons. The same situation can be seen in the parameters of the Vityaz-Caiman knife. The length of its blade is 210 mm, with the tip located above the butt line by more than 5 mm. Another characteristic that excludes a knife from the ranks of edged weapons is the presence of a hook for ripping open if it is located on the butt no further than 1/3 of the tip. A prominent representative of this category is a product called “Sapsan” from the company NOX. It is also worth noting that you can see all the signs of a bladed weapon in a knife, but if its spine and tip meet at an angle of 70 degrees or more, then it also falls out of this category.

Signs of edged weapons. Parameters and characteristics of knives

We have just learned what features make it possible for knives and similar items to leave the category of edged weapons. Now under consideration reverse side medals. One by one, we will describe 5 signs of edged weapons, which are established by the laws of the Russian Federation. Essentially, they are the same in all CIS countries, as well as in many foreign powers, but everywhere there are exceptions. These characteristics strictly divide knives into household and weapon knives. Of these, it is the latter that you simply cannot buy in a store unless you have specific permission. We also note that there are two regulatory documents that regulate the characteristics of edged weapons in Russia. These are GOST R51548-2000 “Survival Knives” and GOST R51500-99 “Hunting Knives and Daggers”. Well, let's move on.

Length

If a knife or any other cutting product is included in the category of edged weapons, then the length of its blade must be clearly 90 mm, no less. This value is measured starting from the base of the handle and ending with the extreme point of the knife tip. It doesn’t matter whether the weapon is one centimeter short of this mark or just one millimeter - in both cases it will not be considered a melee weapon. You can measure the length of the blade with a simple ruler or centimeter. This criterion is the most important in the assessment of piercing and cutting objects.

Thickness

If we are talking about the signs of edged weapons on a knife in Russia, then we cannot miss such a parameter as the thickness of its blade. It is measured by the height of the butt - that is, the side opposite the tip. In order for a knife to be considered a bladed weapon, the thickness of the butt must be at least 2.6 mm, but not more than 6 mm. This value is measured along the thickest part of the blade, even if it itself is uneven. Let us also note that in our country there is a certain value - 2.4 mm, on which many knife manufacturers rely. It’s on everyone’s lips because there is a law that allows you to carry knives whose blade thickness does not exceed this mark. They are not considered edged weapons in our state, so you can buy and carry them without breaking the law.

Hardness

As mentioned above, if the knife blade does not have a certain hardness or is made of a soft material that cannot provide the desired cutting effect, it is considered a household item. The characteristics of a bladed weapon are mainly a steel blade, the density of which also matters. In our country, this figure should be at least 42 Rockwell units. The degree of steel hardness can be indicated on the blade itself, and if there is no such mark, then there is a special device for determining this value.

Safety handle

This sign means the presence of a limiter or its analogue - a sub-finger notch, which seems to separate the handle of the knife from its cutting part. According to these criteria, the signs of a bladed weapon consist in the presence of one limiter, the height of the protrusion of which is 5 mm. If there are two of them, then their total height should be equal to this indicator (that is, each is 2.5 mm). As for the sub-finger notch, if there is only one, its depth should also be 5 millimeters. When there are two, three or more, the depth of each should be exactly 4 mm. And do not forget that the main function of the limiter or notch is to protect the hand of the owner of the weapon from the blade of which it consists.

Confinement

To determine this criterion, you can rely on GOST standards. You can also take into account universal concepts. The signs of edged weapons in Russia are determined simply: it is believed that a well-sharpened knife can easily cut a birch branch, the thickness of which ranges from 10-12 mm. At the same time, the cut remains smooth and even, without splinters, irregularities, etc. Well, if we start from universal human concepts, then a well-sharpened knife is determined by its drawn and thin edge, which, at the slightest contact with the affected body or objects, can damage its surface.

Cold steel. Signs and classification in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation

Based on our legislation, edged weapons are divided into various types depending on the type of use, purpose, purposes for which they are purchased, as well as based on their own characteristics and features. Among these types there are three main ones:

Combat. It can be hand and rifle. It is used to solve official operational or combat missions only if the case allows its use in accordance with the law of the Russian Federation on the use of edged weapons. Most often found in government and
Official. It is carried by representatives of law enforcement agencies, government officials, as well as legal entities that have permission to do so.
Civil. In fact, every citizen of the Russian Federation can obtain the right to carry this type of bladed weapon. It is used for hunting, related sports, self-defense, etc.

Restrictions on edged weapons in Russia

A number of certain weapons that can cause injury or death to a victim are prohibited in our country. This means that even if you have permission to carry and purchase bladed weapons, you do not have the right to legally purchase these items, much less use them. These rules apply to both civilians and all government employees. Among those items that are not sold legally in Russia are:

Brass knuckles, shurikens, flails and boomerangs. These guns are considered more of a historical and social monument than a defense item. Their category also includes all other impact-crushing and throwing objects. The exception is the sports throwing ball.
It is prohibited to store and use knives, the blade of which is automatically removed from the handle, and its length exceeds 90 cm.

We also note that in Russia it is prohibited to send edged weapons by mail. It is not permitted to take such items with you to meetings, rallies, or demonstrations. Moreover, the rules apply exclusively to edged weapons, and not to all objects that may be similar to them.