The countdown of autumn days began in August, since the main concern of the farmer came - harvesting grain. To ensure that the harvest was quick and work was tireless, the work was entrusted to the most respected woman in the village, a good worker. On the eve of the harvest, late in the evening, sneaking so that no one would see or cross the road, she made her way to her strip, tied three sheaves and laid them in a cross. And in the morning all the reapers gathered in the field. Having finished their plot, they went to help the lonely, the weak, and those with many children.

In the villages they gathered “brotherhood”. It was a general harvest festival. They brewed “worldly” beer, i.e. the whole “world” (village). Everything that was in the fields is now on the tables, and the most important birthday party was bread.

Our ancestors celebrated autumn three times. On the first day of September - the first holiday of welcoming autumn - the first autumn. On the eighth day - the second autumn, and the third - on the Exaltation, when the grain moved from the fields, and the birds took flight (moved).

On the first day of September they celebrated Semenov Day, people called him “Semyonov - the summer guide.” This holiday appeared from the first years of Christianity in Rus' and was dedicated to the memory of Simeon the Stylite (a Christian saint, famous for having spent 37 years on the pillar in fasting and prayer). On Semenov's Day, the lamps in all the huts were extinguished and a new fire was made from the stove, from which in the evening for the first time since summer, lamps, candles, and torches were lit and evening activities began “by fire.” On Semyonov's day they celebrated a housewarming party. If the day of Simeon the Stylite did not fall on Sunday, then in the morning the women in each house began to thoroughly clean.

Rural youth celebrated this day especially cheerfully and mischievously. The ritual of “burying flies” is interesting. People believed that if “an evil fly is buried in the ground in the fall, others will not bite.” Along with the funeral of the flies, summer passed away. Village girls, dressed in their best outfits, gathered together and assigned roles in the play “funeral of the flies.” Only girls took part in it, and boys were invited as spectators. The girls caught flies and mosquitoes and placed them in “coffins” - depressions in carrots, turnips, and beets. The parody funeral was carried out according to all the canons of this rite: they held a funeral service, organized a funeral procession, carried it to the “cemetery”, wailed, dug “graves”, buried them, made mounds and put up crosses. During this performance, the girls tried to show all their strengths: cheerful character, creativity, resourcefulness, humor.

By enacting a funny ceremony, the girls actually staged a show for themselves. After all, Intercession was approaching - the time for weddings and matchmaking.

Then a cheerful “wake” was held, in which the boys joined. During the ceremony, games, and dances, couples who liked each other could get closer. And since after Semenov’s day the gatherings began, they had the opportunity to consolidate their sympathies.

September is the month of harvesting a variety of forest gifts: mushrooms, berries, nuts, medicinal roots. Rowan is one of the latest berries. September 23 is Perth Fieldfare day, by this time the berries, caught in the frost, lose their astringency. On this day, the girls, taking baskets, went into the forest. Picking autumn berries turned into a real holiday. The girls danced around the rowan tree and trusted it with their secrets. When picking berries, they always left some of the fruits on the tree, not forgetting about the birds, because winter is long.

There were other holidays in September: on the day of Ivan Lenten (September 11), they started a collective cabbage cutting, they worked cheerfully, with jokes and songs. On St. Luke's day - Onion Day (September 20) - onion fairs were held.

Throughout September there were holidays in honor of the new harvest gathered in the field, forest, and garden.

There were also many holidays in October, but the Feast of the Intercession (October 14) was more significant. The history of this holiday goes back centuries. In 910, a vision happened in Constantinople: during the all-night vigil, the Mother of God appeared, holding a veil in her hands, and announced that this was a saving veil. She spread a white veil over the people and offered a prayer to save the world from adversity and suffering. With this veil, the Mother of God protects believers and brings them love and joy.

In the popular imagination, the day of the Intercession holiday is the boundary between autumn and winter. By this time, the hard suffering was over, and the people could rest, go to the market to trade, and buy new items. From Intercession, weddings began to take place in villages. For Intercession Day, girls weave an “ordinary veil.” Having gathered together, they ruffled flax with special songs, spun and wove linen, trying to complete all the work in one day. Then they carried this veil to the icon of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos and asked in a whisper for the groom.

The beginning of November is given by “winter Kuzma and Demyan” (November 14). This day was established by the Orthodox Church in honor of the memory of Saints Cosmas and Damian. Kuzma-Demyan was considered the patron of crafts.

With Kuzminki (as this day was popularly called), the girls began a series of girls' holidays. They celebrated for several days. On these days, the girls bought the most spacious house in the village, brought food, and set the table. Guys came to the party, and then the fun began. They made a stuffed animal out of straw and ear grass and dressed it up in men's clothing, called Kuzma. “Kuzma” took part in games and round dances, and through joint efforts a bride was selected for him. They arranged a funny wedding, where the girls sang majestic songs, as befits a wedding ceremony, and were escorted to the bedchamber. Suddenly, for unknown reasons, “Kuzma” fell ill and died. Everyone also arranged a funny funeral according to all the rules of the real ones. The stuffed animal was placed in a wooden trough and carried through the entire village to the outskirts, where it was burned (sometimes drowned in the river). At the same time they shouted loudly, whistled, and hit basins. These actions, according to ancient belief, drove away evil spirits and evil spirits from the entire village, so that they would not interfere with surviving a long life. cold winter. Then everyone returned to the village and continued to have fun until the morning.

Autumn is the time for youth gatherings, weddings, folk games, theatrical performances, this is the time of saying goodbye to the past summer and welcoming the coming winter.

Entrance to Russian folk music “Komarinskaya”

The hostess greets the guests - the “red maidens” at the door.

MISTRESS:

Come in, dear guests!

You are welcome for an evening.

A red guest gets a red seat. Come in, make yourself at home.

Sounds like "Komarinskaya" (dance tunes based on materials from G.V. Emelyanova).

The hostess leads the girls like a snake. Each time at the turn of the “snake” from the same side, the last 2-3 girls sit along the side wall - and so on until all the girls sit down.

MUZ. RUK: The autumn wind blew,

Autumn brought with it cloudy, cold, rainy weather.

And the rain started pouring down - all the holes were flooded.

The sun began to fall asleep.

The cranes flocked south.

So the proverbs were put together.

CHILDREN:

1) “In autumn, the crow also has a head of hair, not only the black grouse.”

2) "Autumn-womb: jelly and pancakes."

3) Spring is red with flowers, winter is white with snow,

Summer is sun and mushrooms, and autumn is life

And sheaves and rosy pies.

After finishing the harvest, removing the last hay from the field and putting the grain into containers and bags, they celebrated “Oseniny”.

MUZ. RUK: The children took the last sheaf for themselves, made small sheaves out of it and walked around the courtyards. The owners were given “overshadowed sheaves” and wished goodness and satiety for the whole year. Nothing moves in the pole, only the autumn song can be heard.

Autumn call "AUTUMN":

Autumn, autumn, we ask you to visit,

Autumn, autumn, stay for eight weeks:

With abundant bread, with tall sheaves,

With falling leaves and rain, with a migrating crane.

HOSTESS: Oh, how nice it is in our village in the fall!

The harvest has been collected, put away in bins, in barns, in cellars! There are no special things to do. Outside the window, the wind is blowing, the rain is such that all the animals hid in holes, the birds flew south.

CHILDREN'S POEMS:

1. Autumn walked quietly through the forest,

Miracle - using a brush to gild the leaves.

Autumn flew over the fields -

Seeing off flocks of birds in the sky.

2. Cranes are flying high

Over empty fields.

The forests where we spent the summer,

They shout: "Fly with us."

3. And in the sleepy and empty grove,

The aspen trees are shaking from the cold.

And for a long time the golden leaf

Flies like a crane for articles.

Song "Crane" music G. Vikhareva.

HOSTESS: And you, beautiful girls, don’t be bored -

The merry round dance begins.

Round dance with handkerchiefs (Melody "Krakowiak", dance tunes based on materials by G.V. Emelyanova, movements by S.S. Troshkina).

A neighbor enters (Adult).

NEIGHBOR: Hello, Mikhailovna (exchange greetings and bows)

How beautiful it is in your room! The floors are washed, she herself is elegant - oh, that’s right!

It hurts! Bright! Clean! Are you expecting guests?

HOSTESS: The beautiful girls asked for a party, a fun game.

We washed everything, baked cabbage pies, and then we whiled away the evening with round dances and songs.

NEIGHBOR: Then join me in a fun game!

HOSTESS: Well then! Guest for guest - joy for the owner. Welcome.

What can you tell us, Neighbor,

In a cheerful conversation.

NEIGHBOR: From the sea-ocean, from Buyan Island

The summer day was leaving - the autumn day was coming.

With great mercy:

With a tall stem and deep roots.

HOSTESS: Since that day there has been a fuss through the villages,

There is a bustle in the villages.

And in the forests it makes noise, in the bushes it crackles

What kind of autumn will it be like today?

NEIGHBOR: Well, in the autumn bad weather there are seven bad weathers in the yard.

GIRLS(from place to place):

1st: SOWS...

2nd: IT'S BLOWING...

3rd: SPIN...

4th: It's sick...

5th: ROTTING...

6th: IT'S PLOYING FROM HIGH.

GIRL: If only the rain would pass faster!

NEIGHBOR: And what?

GIRL: I would like to dance with a jerk on a hill.

HOSTESS: Okay, okay, you are such dancers!

Let's dance again, girls! Oh, and your little feet will hurt.

Well! There are no serious matters today!

GIRL: We're starting the evening

Everyone who is cheerful and skillful

We invite you to the skit party.

NEIGHBOR: Wait, wait, Mikhailovna! And that’s true, yours, true.

Just as the Exaltation has come - the first lady in the village is cabbage, am I right?

GIRL: The lady sat down in the garden bed,

Dressed in lush silks.

We are preparing tubs for her

And half a bag of coarse salt!

Today - …

ALL: CABBAGE NAME DAYS!

NEIGHBOR:Did you remember to chop the cabbage and add salt?

ALL: No!

MISTRESS: Did you chop up a lot of cabbage and salt it?

(to the neighbor)On the day of cabbage name day, did you remember to bake more rosy and crispy pies?

NEIGHBOR: How, how.

On cabbage day, on name day

I chopped cabbage

And, of course, I baked it

Very very tasty

Pies with cabbage!

KNOCK. Good fellows enter (to the music "Barynya") .

HOSTESS:And here come the guests for pies!

WELL DONE:We were driving by and looked in before the smoke!

(to the hostess)

Happy Cabbage Day! Happy date!

We stopped by to see you, Mistress,

For fun and play.

ALL BOYS:HELLO! (bow to the Mistress)

HOSTESS:You live well! Welcome! Come on in!

WELL DONE: What do you miss?

Perhaps you are waiting for us?

GIRL:They say they won't come, they say they won't show up.

The doors open and they show up with a smile!

WELL DONE:Why are you girls sitting there holding your lips together?

If you don’t love your guys, whose are you waiting for?

GIRLS: Ours,...ours!

GIRL:Enough with sharpening the lasses and grinding with your tongue.

It's time, it's time for the kids to play -

Stretch your little legs!

WELL DONE:We know a lot of dances

We love to dance them.

And at these gatherings

Would like to dance a quadrille

WELL DONE:Eh, the square dance is good,

The soul will unfold.

Dance "Quadrille" (directed by SUVOROVA).

NEIGHBOR:What kind of youth went?

What kind of dancing, here they are!

It was our time!

We danced skillfully

You will lead with your right hand,

You will move your left hand.

You’ll blink your eyebrow at the young man,

And, like Pava, you will float.

Dance of the NEIGHBOR and HOSTESS (r.n.m. “From Under the Oak”).

MUZ. RUK:In the old days, at cheerful gatherings they not only sang and danced, but also joked, told funny stories and fables.

WELL DONE:Tales in faces

They sit in the little mansion,

Nuts are cracking,

Yes, they create ridicule.

Neither short nor long,

And those that are just right:

From me to you.

CHILDREN'S DIALOGUES:

Shall we go to the field to plow?

Dirty!

Well, let's go to a get-together.

How about getting past the fence?

Get up, Dunyushka, he's already been studying for the day.

Let him do it, he has a lot to do until the evening.

Get up, Dunyushka, get up, the cockerel is crowing!

Let him sing, little Cockerel, the night is his duty!

Get up, Dunyushka, the sun is already rising.

Let it rise, it needs to run far.

Get up, Dunyushka, the porridge is ready.

And I’m already sitting at the table!

Where are you, brother Ivan?

In the upper room!

What are you doing?

Helping Peter!

What is Peter doing?

It's on the stove!

Song "Nonsense on the fence."

HOSTESS:Now let's play.

We'll start playing like a song,

You need to wind a thread into a ball.

And when we finish playing,

So, that’s enough for you to dangle the thread.

Do you understand the task?

Let's start the competition!

Parents walk in a circle and sing verses.

PARENTS:

1. Akulina baked pies,

I got crazy and lay down under the pie.

I put a broom on my head,

I composed a song about my beloved.

2. My little one walked smartly,

He wore a striped shirt.

Striped, slanting gate

The buttons are sewn on it in two rows.

3. Take a quick look at the old man:

Doesn't know how to gird a sash.

Ties knots in advance,

Yes, it throws the ends back.

HOSTESS:Well, how did you work?

Whose ball is bigger and heavier?

The hostess praises the children.

MUZ. RUK:Well done. Let's play. Now let's see how the parents play.

I have satin ribbons. You need to braid them into a braid.

Game: "Who can braid the hair faster."

HOSTESS:And now I’ll tell all the kids a riddle.

I know, I know in advance, you are a savvy people.

Wooden girlfriend

Without her we are like without hands,

Fun at leisure

And feeds everyone around.

He carries the porridge directly into his mouth,

And it doesn’t let you get burned.

Children: Spoon.

Children read poetry:

1. Under the Tsar, and under Pea

Mischievous buffoons

On the way to the booth

Lost the drum.

The tambourine is lost

The spoons were hit.

Oh, burn - speak,

The spooners have started playing!

2. In the blue sea-ocean

Keith lay down on the sofa,

I only heard spoons -

He waved his fins.

Under the dancing whale

The sea is shaking.

3. Near the stove there is a spider

She dances with importance, like a merchant's wife,

And the happy crickets

Kick off the heels:

From heel to toe,

And then one more time.

4. The echo dances, the shadow dances,

Everyone and anyone is dancing.

Oh, burn - talk

The spoon players started playing.

Orchestra. "I will dispel my grief." (r.n.m.)

NEIGHBOR:Wow, guys are good!

We had a lot of fun.

I would be glad to dance myself,

Yes, I'm very tired.

HOSTESS:You're a neighbor, sit down.

Give it a little rest.

Let's see how our young people dance.

Round dance "Annushka".

KNOCK, the garden scarecrow enters.

SCARECROW:In the garden or in the vegetable garden

The scarecrow stood.

Nimble jackdaws and crows

It quickly accelerated.

HOSTESS:Well done, brave girls, beautiful girls!

Who came to us with such noise? (children answer)

SCARECROW:I live in the garden

And even though it seems harmless,

I put on rags, rags,

I scare everyone with my terrible appearance.

HOSTESS:Ah, garden scarecrow, shame on you.

You drove away all the birds in the gardens and orchards, but why did you come to us, who did you decide to scare?

SCARECROW:In the hot summer I work hard

And I am proud of my work.

When I see a flock of birds -

So I wave my rags. (waves his arms)

HOSTESS:Not “waving”, but “waving” -

Please speak Russian.

SCARECROW: I didn’t go to study

I missed everything in life.

But I work skillfully:

Less words, more action.

NEIGHBOR:Oh! Worker, you praise yourself.

Why didn’t he come to us now for work, but for a holiday?

SCARECROW:The harvest has already been harvested.

Birds (oooh! - threatens) fled to Africa,

The sky is dripping, the winds are blowing,

I can smell winter with my long nose!

NEIGHBOR:Ah, now it’s clear why you’re huddling closer to the warmth.

SCARECROW:Warmth isn't that important to me.

I am experienced and brave.

I would like to be closer to society,

You're having fun here, I see.

HOSTESS:It's not just a holiday here,

We celebrate cabbage name days.

We bake pies, we do what we can. But what will you surprise us with?

SCARECROW:Surprise? Well... (thinks for 2-3 seconds)

Ready!

Agree, who is not a coward!

If you don't see the vegetable -

Guess it by taste!

There is an attraction: blindfolded children (if they wish) taste vegetables: carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions).

SCARECROW:And here's another attraction -

"Who knows how to harvest."

We need to reap the harvest

I'll call the brigade here.

Three with a spoon

They carry potatoes.

An attraction is held: the hostess selects 3 people from the group and gives them a spoon. Potatoes are poured into a hoop on the floor. Whoever collects the most potatoes with a spoon into the basket wins.

HOSTESS:Oh, and you are a nimble Scarecrow in garden games.

SCARECROW:My job is so specific.

(The Scarecrow from above looks at the Mistress).

HOSTESS:Scarecrow, do you like riddles?

SCARECROW: (evasive) Puzzles?..

I love! I love it very much!

HOSTESS:Then listen to our riddles from the garden!

1st child:

You dig a little under the bush -

Will come out...

SCARECROW:Antoshka, accordion, basket, window... But what?

Child: Potato!

2nd child: Who, guys, I don’t know

With white teeth...

SCARECROW:A man, a boot, an iron... I give up!

Child: Garlic!

HOSTESS:No, Scarecrow, you can’t solve garden riddles.

Listen to what grew in our garden.

Round dance: "Help yourself, kids" (G. Vikhareva).

SCARECROW:Well, then I'll sing funny verses!

HOSTESS: Can you?

SCARECROW:Certainly! (Sings, playing along on two wooden spoons).

Why did you hit me on the shoulder with the balalaika?

Then I hit you - I want to meet you!

HOSTESS:Well, you have ditties, Scarecrow!

Listen to our children sing!

Hey, girls are laughing,

Sing some ditties.

And you guys, don't yawn,

Help the girls too.

CHILDREN:

1. We will sing ditties,

To die of laughter!

2. Oh, we’ll sing ditties,

We'll wash all the bones.

3. Not mine, but mine!

4. Well, then let's sing!

Ditties:

1. The balalaika began to play,

And their feet began to dance.

We are funny ditties

Let's sing it for you now.

2. Let me dance,

Allow me to stomp.

Is it really in this house?

The floorboards will burst.

3. I didn’t want to dance

She stood there and felt shy.

The balalaika started playing

I couldn't resist.

4. I’ll go out, I’ll go out to dance,

In brand new shoes.

All the guys say

That I'm like a picture.

5. Don't look at me-

You'll break your little eyes.

I'm not from your group at all.

You do not know me.

6. That’s just how I’m made

I'm in the mood to sing and dance.

I won’t dance for one day -

The other one I'm going crazy.

7. Our ditties are good,

And their tune is simple.

Let's stop singing for today -

We put a semicolon.

8. They sang ditties well,

Okay and groaned.

We would really like everything

So that you clap for us.

HOSTESS:Scarecrow, we really liked you. Stay with us for the evening.

SCARECROW:I'd rather go to the garden!

In general, as the people decide.

MISTRESS: We have a vegetable garden, but no helper.

SCARECROW:Will you take it for allowance?

You will have the best life!

How I howl, how I bark,

I'll scare away all the thieves.

HOSTESS: Thank you, Scarecrow.

We'll give you a hat

Let's put on a bright rag,

We'll give you a new mop,

You are the only one we have.

HOSTESS:For some reason I wanted some aromatic and fragrant tea.

I’ll go and put on the samovar, and you start singing a song and glorify Russian tea.

Song "Russian tea".

MISTRESS: Come on, young housewives!

Bring the pies quickly

To please the guests!

The girls are carrying pies.

1st girl:

With sour cream made from flour

We baked pies.

Very very tasty

Pies with cabbage!

2nd girl:

We need to knead the dough

And then make a pie.

We took them to the oven in the morning,

They baked them quickly.

BOTH girls:

And we have a pie with sour cream

It became tasty and rosy!

HOSTESS:The pies were baked with love

And we tried not in vain.

Help yourself to your health,

Our guests and friends.

The girls treat the guests to pies.

HOSTESS:Honor to the guest, joy to the owner!

NEIGHBOR:The guest is happy - the owner is happy!

MISTRESS: We are now inviting all guests

Treat yourself to some pie.

NEIGHBOR:Goodbye, dear guests!

The richer you are, the happier you are!

You are welcome to visit us again!

CARE.

Rituals and customs are part of the culture of every people, be it a huge nation or a small community. They accompany us throughout our lives. Some of them go back centuries, and we forget them or don’t know about them at all. Others continue to exist. We invite you to get acquainted with autumn rituals, the history of their origin and essence. Traditions associated with the onset of autumn different countries interesting and varied.

Autumn is a time of holidays

Since ancient times, autumn has been the time for various celebrations. For example, ceremonies and rituals on the day of the autumn equinox are varied and numerous. Why did this happen? The fact is that the time for farming was ending, everyone was harvesting and preparing for winter. The majority of the population in those days were peasants, so seasonality had a significant impact on their way of life. Full bins and free time gave people the opportunity to relax.

Harvest Festival in Israel

Mostly people celebrated the Harvest Festival. So, in Israel, Sukkot takes place on September 19th. On this day, Jews perform the ritual of raising the lulav. Lulava consists of four plants - myrtle, willow, date palm leaf, etrog. Each of these plants symbolizes a person. Thus, the etrog symbolizes people who do good deeds, and the willow symbolizes people who do not know how to do good. The combination of these plants suggests that everyone should help the other, teach him the right way to live. The holiday lasts seven days. On the eighth day they read a prayer for the granting of the harvest for the next year.

Korean autumn traditions

The harvest is called Chuseok. It lasts three days. An interesting point: all people try to go to their native places for these three days. On Chuseok, every family worships their ancestors, and after this ritual they are treated to festive dishes from the sacrificial table. Then everyone goes to the graves of relatives to honor their memory.

Wine harvest

In Europe, grape harvest holidays are considered traditional. Thus, in Switzerland in mid-September there is a festival of young wine. About one hundred and fifty varieties of wines are sent here from all over the country. Various shows, dances, and concerts take place these days.

Autumn holidays among the Slavs

Autumn holidays among the Slavs often have pagan and Orthodox roots. The most famous were Obzhinki or Dozhinki (among Belarusians). In the nineteenth century, this holiday was celebrated everywhere among the Slavs, only at different times, mainly depending on the climate. Thus, among the Eastern Slavs, the mentioned holiday coincided with the Dormition of the Virgin Mary, and in Siberia - with the holiday of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross.

On this day, people performed several autumn rituals. For example, the last sheaf was reaped in silence, and then the women rolled through the stubble with certain words-songs. Several ears of corn, twisted into a beard, were left on the field. This ritual was called “beard curling.”

Traditions and rituals of autumn in Rus'

The first of September in Rus' was called Indian summer; in some areas the countdown was from September 8th. Already somewhere from Ilyin's day, and somewhere from Uspenev, autumn round dances began in many settlements. It is worth noting that the round dance is the most ancient of the dances of the Russian people, and is rooted in the rites of worship of the Sun God. Round dance in Rus' was of great importance. This dance reflected the three eras of the year: spring, summer, autumn.

One of the Russian autumn rituals is a round dance called “brew beer.” Young women went out into the street and treated everyone to home brew, then stood up in a round dance and pretended to be drunk. At the end, all the girls were treated to home brew.

On Semenov Day - the first of September - they mounted a horse. In each family, the first-born was seated on a horse. In addition, on this same day, for 400 years, they celebrated New Year. It was abolished only in 1700 by decree of Peter 1.

And on September 14, Osenins began to be celebrated in Rus'. People thanked Mother Earth for the rich harvest. They renewed the fire, extinguished the old one, and started a new one. From that time on, all activities in the field ended and work began in the house, in the yard, and in the garden. In the houses on the First Autumn they covered festive table, brewed beer and slaughtered a sheep. A cake was baked from the new flour.

September 21 - Second Autumns. On the same day they celebrated the Birth of the Blessed Virgin Mary. September 23 - Peter and Pavel Ryabinnik. On this day, rowan berries were collected for compote and kvass. The windows were decorated with bunches of rowan berries; it was believed that they would protect the house from all evil spirits.

Third Autumn - September 27. In another way, this day was called the snake holiday. According to legends, all birds and snakes moved to another country on this day. They conveyed requests to the deceased. On this day we did not go into the forest, because it was believed that a snake could drag us away.

Autumn traditions among Belarusians

Autumn holidays among Belarusians are similar to autumn rituals and holidays among other Slavic peoples. For a long time in Belarus they celebrated the end of the harvest. This holiday was called dozhinki. One of the main autumn rituals was held on Dozhinki. The last sheaf was entwined with flowers and dressed in women's dress, after which they were taken to the village and left until the next harvest. Now Dozhinki is a holiday of national significance.

Similarly, the Osenins in Belarus celebrated the harvest festival - the rich man. The symbol of the holiday was a popular print with grain and a candle inside. The “rich man” was in one of the houses of the village, where a priest was invited to conduct a prayer service. Afterwards, the popular print with a lit candle was carried through the entire village.

No less famous ritual holiday late autumn in Belarus - Dziady. This holiday of remembrance of ancestors falls on November 1-2. Dziady means “grandfathers”, “ancestors”. Before Dzyady they washed in the bathhouse and cleaned the house. A bucket of clean water and a broom were left in the bathhouse for the souls of ancestors. The whole family gathered for dinner that day. Various dishes were prepared, and before dinner the doors were opened in the house so that the souls of the dead could enter.

At dinner they did not say unnecessary words, behaved humbly, remembered only good things about their ancestors, and remembered the dead. Dziady was given to the beggars who walked around the villages.

Autumn equinox. Rituals and rituals in different countries of the world

The autumnal equinox falls on September 22, sometimes 23. Day and night at this time become equal. Many peoples attached mystical significance to this day. Traditions, celebrations and rituals on the Autumn Equinox Day are commonplace.

In some countries this Public Holiday, for example, in Japan. Here, according to tradition, ancestors are remembered on this day. An ancient ritual of the Buddhist holiday Higan is being performed. On this day, the Japanese prepare food only from plant ingredients: beans, vegetables. They make pilgrimages to the graves of their ancestors and worship them.

In Mexico, on the day of the autumn equinox, people go to the The object is designed so that on the days of the equinox, the sun's rays create triangles of light and shadow on the pyramid. The lower the sun, the more distinct the contours of the shadow; they resemble a snake in shape. This illusion lasts a little more than three hours, during which time you need to make a wish.

Autumn equinox among the Slavs

The autumn equinox was one of the main holidays among the Slavs. It had different names: Tausen, Ovsen, Radogoshch. Rituals and rituals were also performed in different places.

Ovsen is the name of a deity in mythology who was responsible for the change of seasons, so in the fall he was thanked for fruits and harvests. They celebrated the day of the autumn equinox (with ceremonies and rituals) for two weeks. The main holiday drink was honey, made from fresh hops. Pies with meat, cabbage, and lingonberries are the main delicacy on the table.

The ritual for the autumn equinox was the farewell of the goddess Zhiva to Svarga - the heavenly kingdom, which was closed in the winter. On the day of the equinox, the Slavs also revered the goddess Lada. She was the patroness of weddings. And weddings were most often celebrated after the completion of field work.

On the day of the autumn equinox, special autumn folk rituals were held. To attract good luck and happiness, they baked pies with cabbage and round apples. If the dough rose quickly, it means that the financial situation should improve next year.

On this day, all old things were taken out into the yard and burned.

Special rituals for the autumn equinox were performed with water. She was believed to have special powers. We washed ourselves morning and evening with the belief that water would keep children healthy and women attractive.

Our ancestors often used trees in autumn rituals and holidays. So, they protected the house and themselves with rowan branches. It was believed that rowan, picked on this day, has enormous energy and will not let evil into the house. The girls used walnut branches. They put a second pillow on the bed in order to get married faster, they burned the branches of the nut, and the ashes were scattered on the street. The clusters of rowan trees were used to judge winter. The more berries, the harsher the winter.

A special autumn ritual in Rus' was sacrifice. In gratitude for a good harvest in pagan times, the Slavs sacrificed the largest animal to Veles. This was done before the harvest. After the sacrifice, the sheaves were tied up and the “grandmothers” were placed. Afterwards a rich table was set.

Orthodox autumn holidays, traditions, rituals

The biggest holiday is the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (September 21). The holiday coincided with the second autumn.

September 27 - Exaltation of the Holy Cross. In the 4th century, the mother of Emperor Constantine the Great found the Cross and the Holy Sepulcher. Many then wanted to see this miracle. This is how the Feast of the Exaltation was established. From this day we began harvesting cabbage for the winter. And young boys and girls gathered for cabbage parties. The table was set, the guys looked after the brides.

October 14 - Intercession of the Virgin Mary. The holiday was established by Andrei Bogolyubsky. In Rus' they believed that the Mother of God took Rus' under her protection, so they always relied on her protection and mercy. At this time, they were finishing work in the field and collecting the last fruits. In Pokrov, women made ten-handed dolls, which, it was believed, were supposed to help around the house, since the woman did not have time to do everything.

On the third day of November they celebrated "Kazanskaya". This is the Mother of God.

Autumn signs in Rus'

September 11 - Ivan Poletny, Poletovshchik. A day later they began to pull out root crops and dig up potatoes.

September 24 - Fedora-Ripped off. Two Fedoras up the mountain - one autumn, one winter, one with mud, the other with cold.

October 1 is crane summer. It was believed that if the cranes flew on this day, then there would be the first frost on Pokrov. If not, you should not expect frosts before November 1st.

November 14 - Kuzminki. On Kuzminki they celebrated the rooster's name day. The girls had a feast-conversation and invited the guys.

On this day, a ritual called “the wedding and funeral of Kuzma-Demyan” was performed. The girls made a stuffed animal out of straw, dressed it up as a guy and held a comic wedding. They sat this scarecrow in the middle of the hut and “married” it to some girl, then they took it into the forest, burned it and danced on it. We made dolls Kuzma and Demyan. They were considered guardians of the family hearth and patrons of women's handicrafts.

Description: The folk calendar is compiled using dates and folk holidays. In Rus', they have always treated with reverence everything that happens in nature - its phenomena - be it rain or frost, heat or cold.
Purpose: This work will be useful to teachers of additional education, educators in environmental education, and to everyone who is interested in folk signs, rituals and holidays.
Target: Getting to know folk calendar(autumn).
Tasks:
- cultivate interest in folk traditions;
- instill a love of folklore;
- develop a desire to be interested in what is happening in nature in the fall.

1. Autumn chores: welcoming autumn. Autumn
Autumn is an ancient holiday of farewell to summer and welcome to autumn. What is Autumn - this is a meeting of autumn in Rus'.

It was celebrated three times: September 14, 21 and 27.
September 14 is the day of Semyon the Summer Guide. The sit-ins began with Semyon, i.e. work in huts under fire.
September 21 - Ospozhinki was celebrated - the harvest festival. It was believed that from this day summer ended and autumn came into its own.

September 27 - Exaltation. All the signs, characteristics and recommendations of this day were in one way or another connected among the peasants with the word “move”. The rise of autumn moves towards winter, “the grain moves from the field to the threshing floor,” “the bird moved to take flight,” and even “the caftan and fur coat moved, and the hat pulled down.”

In the old days in Rus', our ancestors celebrated Autumn on September 21, on the day of the autumn equinox, when day is equal to night. By this time, the entire harvest had already been harvested. The holiday is celebrated with visits and widespread hospitality. They definitely visit their parents and remember their ancestors.

September 8/21 - Nativity of the Virgin Mary. Popularly - Small Most Pure (Big Most Pure - Dormition, August 15/28).
Autumn - the second meeting of autumn. Pasekin's day. They remove the bees and collect the onions. Onion teardrop day. The earth strives for white mornings. “All summer is amen (end).” “If the weather is good, autumn will be good.” “Indian summer has scared away the quiet.”

Autumn people are greeted by the water. On this day, early in the morning, women go to the banks of rivers, lakes and ponds to meet Mother Osenina with oatmeal bread. The older woman stands with bread, and the young people around her sing songs. After which they break the bread into pieces according to the number of people and feed it to the livestock.

The Aztecs celebrated this day as the day of male fertility, i.e. celebration of erection. September 21 was considered a favorable day for conceiving strong and healthy boys. It is interesting to note that the day of the Aztec mother goddess, Atlatonin, was not this day at all, but 18/06, which is approximately 9 months after this holiday.

In the old days, there was a custom for newlyweds to treat their relatives, which is why September 8 was also called “Presentation Day.” All relatives and friends came to the newlyweds. The invitee invited such guests: “To visit the young, look at their lives and teach them wisdom.” After a hearty dinner, the young housewife showed off her entire household in the house. Guests, as usual, were supposed to praise and teach wisdom. The owner took the guests to the yard, showed them livestock in the barns, summer and winter harnesses in the sheds, and treated them to beer from a keg in the garden.
September 27 – third Autumn, “Snake Festival”.

According to popular belief, on this day snakes and other reptiles, along with birds, moved to an unknown blissful country called Iria (the Christian word took on the sound of “paradise”). Therefore, a farewell was arranged for them with requests to convey messages to those who had gone to another world.

“Exaltation is the festival of snakes. The snakes move to one place. They go into the ground and move there.” On September 27, people try not to go into the forest, which is completely at the disposal of snakes. Anyone who goes 27 into the forest can be dragged underground by snakes. To escape from snakes, you can read a poem. Step with your right foot and stop when you go into the forest. Make three prostrations and say: “Save me, Lord, from the running beast, from the creeping thing.” And spit three times over your left shoulder.

In the Perm province it was believed that wearing the Maryin root plant on a pectoral cross protects against snakes.
“If you see a snake, shake it by the tail, then it won’t bite and won’t crawl away.” (Vlasova M. Russian superstitions. Encyclopedic Dictionary. - St. Petersburg, 2001. - P. 202.)

The snake is depicted on medical emblems: above the bowl, the staff of the god of healing Asclepius (among the Romans - Aesculapius), entwined with snakes. A snake in the hands of the sorceress Medea, who could restore youth.
Every year, thousands of snakes are removed from the wild to obtain venom. Viper and cobra have become rare.

AUTUMN. Folklore holiday

LEADING. Hello guys! Today we have a holiday called Autumn. What is Oseniny - a meeting of autumn. In the old days in Rus', our ancestors celebrated Autumn on September 21, on the day of the autumn equinox, when day is equal to night. By this time, the entire harvest had already been harvested. What kind of harvest could the peasants harvest? Let's remember what grows in the garden?
CHILDREN: Carrots, beets, cabbage, potatoes...

HOST: Correct! And so, after harvesting the harvest, the peasants held a holiday, sometimes for a whole week, visited each other, put all the most delicious things on the table, and the grandchildren stayed with their grandparents for several days. And we will also invite you to visit Autumn today. Only you and I are used to imagining Autumn as a beauty in a multi-colored outfit, with an armful of yellow leaves, but in Rus' Autumn was depicted as a small, dry man. He has a stern face, three eyes and shaggy hair. After harvesting, he walked through the fields to check that everything was harvested properly. And today Autumn will appear in our country as a girl. So, let's say the chant together: Autumn, Autumn, you are welcome!

Includes Autumn and 3 autumn months.
AUTUMN: Good afternoon, my friends!
Are you tired of waiting for me?
Summer was red
For a long time the power did not yield.
But everything comes in time -
I showed up at the door.
Guys, I came not alone, but with my brothers. Now you can guess what their names are.

SEPTEMBER: Our school garden is empty,
Cobwebs fly into the distance,
And to the southern edge of the earth
The cranes arrived.
School doors opened.
What month has it come to us?

OCTOBER: The face of nature becomes increasingly gloomy -
The gardens have turned black, the forests are becoming bare,
Bird voices are silent,
The bear fell into hibernation.
What month did he come to us?

NOVEMBER: The field became black - it became white,
It rains and snows.
And it got colder,
The waters of the rivers were frozen with ice.
The winter rye is freezing in the field.
What month is it, tell me?

AUTUMN: Do you guys know that people called these months differently?
SEPTEMBER: They called me gloomy, howler, and zealot.
AUTUMN: September is a howler, from the roar of autumn winds and animals, especially deer.
OCTOBER: They called me winter, leaf fall, mud.
AUTUMN: September smells like apples, and October smells like cabbage.
NOVEMBER: They called me half-winter, breast.
AUTUMN: November - September's grandson, October's son, winter's dear father. Do you guys know any folk signs, proverbs, sayings?

Now guess the Russian folk riddles:
A girl sits in a dungeon, and her scythe is on the street (Carrot)

SEPTEMBER: They threw off the golden feathers from Yegorushka, made Yegorushka cry without grief. (onion)

OCTOBER: Alena dressed up in her green sundress and curled the frills thickly. Do you recognize her? (cabbage)

NOVEMBER: There is a flatbread on one leg. Anyone who passes by will bow. (mushroom)

SEPTEMBER: Sits - turns green, falls - turns yellow, lies - turns black. (sheet)

OCTOBER: The bird built a nest underground and laid eggs. (potato)

NOVEMBER: Round as a moon, leaves like a spruce, and a tail like a mouse. (turnip)

HOST: Do you guys know that turnips were a very important vegetable (remember the fairy tale about the Turnip?).

The fact is that our favorite potato appeared in Rus' only in the 18th century, and before that the main vegetable was turnip. Turnips were eaten fresh, steamed, or dried. They baked pies with turnips, made turnip kvass, and cooked porridge.

AUTUMN: And the last riddle: It is bitter in haymaking, but sweet in frost. What kind of berry? (Rowan)

HOST: Guys, mountain ash was very famous in Rus'. All the berries have long been harvested, even in the summer, and the rowan turns red only in the fall, its berries burn brightly. Rowan kvass, a laxative and cooling drink, was prepared from rowan berries. There was even a special day, September 23, when rowan berries were picked and hung in tassels under the roof. But some of the berries were always left on the tree - for field thrushes and ruby-throated bullfinches.

This is how they greeted Autumn in Rus'.
Well, we are celebrating Autumn with our traditional exhibition of gifts of nature, unusual vegetables grown in your dacha, and autumn crafts.

Autumn, we invite you to watch the children’s exhibitions and help select the best exhibits for the school-wide exhibition.

AUTUMN: With pleasure! Wait for me, guys, in your classes. I’ll come to everyone, I won’t miss anyone, and I’ll also bring treats!

When autumn says goodbye in the classroom
AUTUMN: Well done guys, great job! Now try my treat - autumn apples! Autumn distributes apples from a basket. Goodbye!

September 21 is the second Autumn, the day of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Early in the morning, women and girls went out to the banks of rivers, lakes and ponds to meet Mother Osenina with oatmeal bread and jelly. In the minds of Russian people, her image merged with the image of the Mother of God, therefore they turned to her: “Most Pure Mother of God, deliver me from toil and harassment, take me away from others, illuminate my life and existence!” According to custom, on this day all relatives and friends went to visit the newlyweds to “teach them wisdom.” The young housewife was preparing a special round pie: “You are welcome with our bread and salt!” After a hearty lunch, the young housewife shows the house, and the young owner shows the yard, barn, barn, garden. Guests were treated to beer of their own production. Everyone celebrated the Sun together with the cathedral.

Since September 21, it was believed that every summer - Amen. Autumn has come into its own. In fact, it is a religious holiday of the astronomical autumn equinox.

The Second Autumns seem to connect two holidays: earthly and spiritual. In its earthly essence, it is a harvest festival, accompanied by games and songs, and in its spiritual, heavenly nature, it is the birthday of the Virgin Mary, the Mother of Jesus Christ.

9th of September
In the agricultural calendar of the Slavs, this day was called “Oseniny” or “Ospozhinki” and was celebrated as a harvest festival. On this day, thanksgiving was given to Mother Earth.

At the beginning of September, the harvest ended, which was supposed to ensure the well-being of the family for the next year. In addition, the meeting of autumn was marked by the renewal of fire: the old fire was extinguished and a new one was lit, which was mined by striking flint.

From “Osenin” the main economic activity was transferred from the field to the garden or to the house: the collection of vegetables began (onions were first of all harvested). Usually on Oseniny (in Orthodoxy - the day of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary) a treat was arranged for which the whole family gathered. For the holiday, beer was brewed and a sheep (ram) was slaughtered. A cake was baked from the flour of the new harvest. They praised Mother Earth for giving birth to bread and other supplies.

Since the hop harvest began on this day, the corresponding game songs were sung during the festive festivities:

We are drunk, we are drunk, we are drunk,
To our side
There is great freedom on our side!
And the freedom is great, the men are rich!
That the men are rich, stone chambers!
What stone chambers, golden doors,
What domes are cast!

September 27 - Third Autumn
The Third Autumns are dedicated to church holiday The Exaltation of the Honest Life-Giving Cross of the Lord is the third meeting of autumn. "Exaltation - autumn moves towards winter."

According to folk tradition, cabbage parties began, girls' parties, when young people went from house to house to chop cabbage. These parties lasted two weeks. This is a kind of sacred rite: cabbage was considered the sacred food of the Gods. On this day, a very ancient rite was carried out - the cross. The sign of the cross has been a symbol of the sun since prehistoric times. It was believed that during the Exaltation he radiates a protective power. Peasants carved crosses out of wood, crossed rowan branches, painted crosses in places they wanted to protect from evil spirits: in bins, barns.

On the third Autumn, according to popular belief, snakes and other reptiles, along with birds, moved to an unknown blessed land called Iria (in Christianity, this word took on the sound of “paradise”). Therefore, a farewell was arranged for them with a request to convey a message to those who had passed on to another world.

In the villages, peasants brewed beer. They carried out a ritual plowing of the village, driving out Kukhoma (fever, shaking) from it, then shared beer between their homes and rested after the labors of the righteous. In the evening they heated the bathhouses and took a steam bath, driving out the evil spirits from themselves. In the forests, before the long winter, the goblin joked with people for the last time, arranging a review of animals and birds to see if they were ready for a harsh winter.

According to the ancient calendar, the beginning of autumn fell on September 14. The First Ecumenical Council (325) established this day as the beginning of the year. According to Orthodox tradition, the world was created in September.
Autumn's first meeting of autumn. On this day, it was supposed to “wipe” the “new” fire with two planks and begin sit-downs or gatherings with this clean fire. From this day on, in Rus' they began to celebrate autumn weddings (until November 15), moved to new houses, and carried out the ritual of “tonsuring” (initiation) of boys who had reached the age of seven into adolescence, marking their new role in the community.

An ancient funny ritual of funeral of flies and cockroaches, annoying inhabitants of the Russian summer, was timed to coincide with the holiday of the first Autumn. September 14 is the beginning of Indian summer, which lasts in some areas for up to three weeks. We noticed: if Semyon is a clear day, then the entire Indian summer will be warm, and we must expect a warm winter.

September 14- day of the Seeds of the Flyer. Simeon the Stylite (5th century) became famous as a man of a selfless lifestyle. In the history of mankind, he discovered a new type of asceticism. Wanting to test his spiritual strength and faith in God, he built a 4-meter-high pillar on the mountain with a platform on top, surrounded it with a wall, and from this “mountainous” place read sermons to numerous pilgrims. Then Simeon settled on a pillar in a small cell, devoting himself to intense prayer and fasting. Gradually he increased the height of the pillar on which he stood. Its last pillar was 40 cubits (16 meters) high. He spent 80 years in intense monastic labors, of which 47 stood on the pillar.

His life was well known in Rus'; people learned from him to endure numerous difficulties of human existence in the name of a holy cause. According to an ancient tradition, it was believed that on this day it was necessary to perform charitable deeds and be merciful. In Muscovite Rus', not a single beggar was left without abundant alms on this day; even prisoners in prison were given gifts.

2. Equinox
Autumn Equinox
The day becomes shorter than the night, the “dark” winter part of the year, real autumn, begins. The harvest is ending and active autumn preparations begin. This is where the series begins autumn holidays and associated fairs and weddings. There is an active decrease in energy, which determines the rhythm of household work, personal life and ritual practice...

From the point of view of astronomy and astrology, the Autumn Equinox is the moment when the Sun crosses the Celestial Equator and enters the sign of Libra. Accordingly, the day when this happens (and the day, day, in the Indo-European tradition is considered from sunrise to sunrise) is considered the Day of the Autumn Equinox. The night is now longer than the daylight hours, the dark, winter half of the year is coming. The weather can still please people with the warmth of “Indian summer”, but almost all the trees have already turned into autumn colors, almost all the flowers have faded, only those few remain that bloom until the very first snow, like Alpine asters, for example. And although it is still warm on sunny days, the nights are already cold, and the first frosts will soon begin (if they have not already begun).

The Autumn Equinox marks the fullest part of the year. By this time, most of the harvest has already been harvested and the housewives are actively preparing for the winter. There will be no fresh vegetables and fruits until next summer; only a few autumn berries and mushrooms are still available fresh. The resulting harvest must be calculated and distributed throughout the next year, until the next harvest. This is why the sign Libra is associated with the Autumn Equinox.

It is not enough to collect the harvest (harvesting is mostly a concern of the previous period of the annual cycle), the harvest must also be preserved. The period between the Equinox and Samhain is dedicated to precisely this – calculation, preservation and distribution. At this time, housewives are actively fermenting cabbage, preparing pickles, and at the same time they begin to serve pickles and preserves to the table. From this day on they began to brew beer. The peasants finished working in the fields, all activity moved into the house and to the farm yard, and the preparation of the farm for winter began. And, of course, autumn fairs. Sell ​​the harvest, buy something that they couldn’t grow themselves. Accordingly, by this time the artisans were preparing more of their own goods for sale. Where there are fairs, there are always festivities, and where there are festivities, there are matchmaking and weddings.

The day of the Autumn Equinox itself - the day when the transition from Light to Darkness occurs, like other turning points, was considered not working, idle, festive, like everyone else holidays he had his own name. The Celts called it Mabon, Alban-Elved, the Slavs called this day Oseniny. The Day of the Autumn Equinox is dedicated to the mother goddess (who also bestows material wealth); the astrological sign of Libra is ruled by Venus.

Christians adopted this ritual: on September 21, Christian churches celebrate the Nativity of the Virgin Mary. Interestingly, in the distorted Julian calendar the holiday is closer to the original, correct date than in the Gregorian calendar (Catholics celebrate the Nativity of the Virgin Mary on September 8, all dates are given in the Gregorian, new, style), this suggests that Christians adopted this holiday quite late.

The holiday was traditionally for women. On this day they baked ritual bread (however, agricultural peoples baked ritual bread for any holiday), with this bread the women went to the river to greet them very much. Also, women plowed the salt around the yard with a plow, protecting the house and household from the dark forces that were gaining strength.

One of the most important rituals was the lighting of fire. All fires in houses were extinguished and then rekindled. The fire was supposed to be lit in a ritually pure way - by hitting stone against stone or rubbing wood against wood. By the way, an interesting incident - the fire produced with a piezoelectric lighter turns out to be the cleanest. Zoroastrians, the main fire worshipers of our day, believe that the purest fire is when natural gas escaping from the earth is ignited by a lightning strike. In a piezoelectric lighter, an electric spark - a small lightning - generated by an impact on a stone - a piezoelectric crystal - ignites gas extracted from the bowels of the Earth.

Feasts and celebrations were also organized, especially for youth. Young people made crowns for themselves from fallen leaves, girls made beads by stringing red rowan berries on a thread. These beads symbolized Brinsingamen - Freya's necklace. During the festivities, the girl threw this necklace around the neck of the guy she liked and he had to spend the whole day with her.

This is the historical and cultural background of the holiday, predetermined by the energy of the annual cycle. How and what should we, city residents, do today?
How can a modern city dweller celebrate the Autumn Equinox?

Actually, exactly the same. Bake a pie to treat your friends. Women can and should go to the river with this pie, greet autumn, leave part of the pie on the shore (eat the rest, so take it with you in moderation so as not to take it back home).

What to do and what not to do near the Autumn Equinox?

We must remember that near the Autumn Equinox the decrease in solar and vital energy occurs very quickly, so you should reduce the load on your body as much as possible, pay more attention to health, and avoid overload. The period near and after the Autumn Equinox is extremely unfavorable for new beginnings, new projects and affairs; on the contrary, it is very good for summing up, completing, obtaining results and renewing old contacts and connections. In a sense, this time is similar to the period of the waning of the Moon, but it mostly affects long-term matters, with a development cycle of a year or longer.

Immediately after the Equinox it is very good to trade. During this period it is good to both sell and buy. Right now it makes sense to bring your projects to the phase of obtaining results and sell them. In the period immediately after the Equinox, this can be done to maximum benefit. And, by the way, this is a good time to audit stocks and reserves, decide what needs to be kept and what to get rid of. The period is most favorable for selling supplies you no longer need with maximum benefit for yourself. If you don’t do this on time, these reserves will lie like a dead weight, hindering your development; it will be much more difficult to sell them later, they may generally “go rotten” and become useless to anyone. And they can interfere with further development, like excess fat in an obese person. At the same time, right now we should stock up on what we need and need, creating the material base for further growth.

Since it is in the period immediately after the Equinox that vitality decreases most quickly, you should set aside time for rest and generally limit your loads. It is very good and useful to combine relaxation and business communication, as was usually done at fairs. The time while the Sun is in Libra is very favorable for concluding any alliances, from marriage to business and political. Be sure to take advantage of this opportunity! This time is also extremely favorable for renewing old connections, finding old friends, and renewing lost acquaintances.
Magic

The dark season is suitable for dark witchcraft. This is not only about casting spells, love spells and curses. This is also any magic aimed at communicating with the world of the dead, with ancestors, guardians of the clan, with “dark” gods personifying the elemental forces of nature. This also includes all fortune telling. It’s not for nothing that fortune telling is almost never done in the summer, and the peak of fortune telling occurs on the night before Christmas ( Winter Solstice), the longest night of the year, the moment of triumph and the greatest power of Darkness.

During the period between Mabon and Samhain, the last rituals are performed for the goblin and water goblins, who, according to popular beliefs, then go into hibernation.

The dark side of magic also includes a modern hobby - spiritualism. On long winter nights, communicating with the world of the dead is much easier. But also more dangerous!

3. Lighting a new fire
You can and should light at least a few candles at home. Ideally, there are five: four on the cardinal points and one in the center of the room. You can symbolically light a new fire - turn off all electrical equipment in the house for a minute, which will symbolize the extinguishing of the old fire, and after the candles are lit, turn it on again.

And, what is very important, try to free this day from all activities as much as possible. Energy on the days of a turning point is actually very unstable; any business you do on this day will be especially difficult and can lead to completely unpredictable consequences. It was not for nothing that our ancestors declared these days as holidays.

4. Fieldfare
September 23 – Peter and Pavel Ryabinnik. Mass collection of rowan. On this day, rowan berries were prepared for future use, for compotes and making kvass. Rowan infusion was considered a good anti-inflammatory remedy for winter colds. They decorate the windows for the winter with bunches of rowan berries to protect them from all wickedness.

Rowan is a faithful assistant against sickness and evil spirits. Rowan infusion was considered a good anti-inflammatory remedy for winter colds. People believed that if some evil spirit torments you, does not allow you to sleep, comes to your chest and strangles you, you need to take a rowan branch, outline the space around you - and the evil spirits will disappear, as if they never existed. And therefore, for the winter, the windows were decorated with rowan berry clusters to protect them from all wickedness.

There are two Peters and Pauls in Rus' - big and small, summer and autumn. Autumn Peter - Pavel - fieldfare. At this time, after the first frosts, rowan becomes sweeter and they begin to collect it for food. When collecting rowan trees, they leave some of the berries on each tree for the birds. A little rowan means a dry autumn, but a lot means a harsh winter.

Rowanberry or SORBARIA - a beautiful flowering Ornamental Shrub with leaves very similar to Rowan. The height of the bush reaches 2 m. Numerous white or cream small flowers are collected in large fluffy paniculate inflorescences that decorate the plant for quite a long time in mid-summer. The plant is very stable, unpretentious and even quite aggressive - it reproduces by root shoots with good care in huge quantities and can oppress other plants.

The root suckers of most species form dense thickets. They can grow both in the sun, but there they are shorter and bloom faster, and in partial shade - the plants are taller and bloom longer.

Fieldfare (lat. Turdus pilaris) is a common species of European blackbirds.
Breeds everywhere in Europe, from the northern border of forest vegetation to the northern border of the steppe strip, as well as in Siberia - to the watershed between the Yenisei and Lena. In Southern Europe, North Africa, the Caucasus, Central Asia and Kashmir it is found as a migratory, wintering bird, although with a significant harvest of forest berries it also winters in central Europe.

The fieldfare differs from other thrushes primarily in its way of life. Although some pairs nest in isolation, most of them gather in medium-sized colonies of 30-40 pairs. They love to settle in parklands and copses, along the edges of forests, closer to wet meadows. Fieldfare is not found in dense forests. Its main habitats are in the north and middle parts of Europe and Asia. Some birds lead a sedentary lifestyle, some are nomadic. Scandinavian fieldfares, like a number of Central European ones, fly south for the winter, primarily to the south and west of Europe. The nesting season lasts from April to July. Fieldfare feeds on both animal and plant foods. In winter, flocks of field berries flock to feast on ripe mountain ash and other berries (eg sea buckthorn). The fieldfare thrush is not a particularly valuable commercial species; its shooting is permitted all year round without a license. The main purpose of shooting is to protect gardens; thrush meat is also eaten.

Autumn folk festival

“It’s nice in autumn in Russia!”

Target: enrich children's understanding of the socio-cultural values ​​of the people, national traditions and holidays.

Tasks:

Enrichment of musical and auditory experience through familiarization with domestic folklore;

Development of musical abilities (sense of rhythm, memory, ear for intonation) in musical games and musical-didactic games with movement specially modeled by the teacher;

Development of emotional responsiveness to music, formation of musical taste.

Children enter the hall singing “My Motherland”

music A. Polyachek, lyrics. F. Savinova,

stop in random order.

1 child:

I see wonderful freedom,

I see fields and fields -

This is Russian expanse,

This is Russian land.

2nd child: I see mountains and valleys

I see rivers and fields -

These are Russian paintings

This is my homeland!

Presenter: Russia, Russia, our country,

She is very, very big

Russia is the Motherland, our home.

Where we live together with you!

3rd child: Everything is beautiful: earth and sky,

And fields, and forests, and meadows,

Golden seas of bread -

No, Russia is more valuable than you!

The song by G. Struve “My Russia” is played.

(group of children singing)

4th child: Majestic and beautiful

At any time our Russia!

But in the fall it is especially good -

This is how the soul sings in Russia!

Presenter: You need to celebrate the autumn holiday

Fun, cheerful, perky and friendly.

Children: Autumn, autumn, we invite you to visit us!

Autumn enters to the music.

Autumn: Hello good people! Have fun and joy!

I am Autumn! The very time of year about which it is customary to say “wet”, “rainy”. But there are other words about me: golden, crimson.

But autumn is the time to collect bread and vegetables, the time to prepare for the long winter. So this time of year is the most generous and fruitful.

The round dance “Gifts of Autumn” sounds muses Shestakova

(all the children sing, at the end of the song the children run to their chairs, and Autumn catches them with rain)

Autumn: Do you know what sayings people have about the autumn months?

1 child: September sends off the red summer,

Meets the golden autumn.

2nd child: September is cold, father, but there is plenty to feed.

3 child: In October, say goodbye to the sun, get closer to the stove.

4th child: In November there will be snow - bread will arrive!

Autumn: These months are not only hard workers, but also fun ones:

“Worked well, had good fun.”

Yes, now they will tell about themselves.

Music sounds, the months enter.

Autumn: Hello, hello, brothers, autumn months!

What did you come with?

September: With soft rain!

October: With crispy mushroom!

November: Happy first ice cream!

Autumn: What gifts did you bring us?

September: Vegetables and berries.

October: The last honey.

November: Festive mood.

Presenter: Please come and stay with us for the holiday.

Thanks for the treat!

Autumn: Each month has its own wonderful holidays associated with the ancient agricultural calendar. Let each month tell about these holidays.

September: I have another name - Veresen.

In September, the heather bloomed, from which they made a delicious drink, jam.

They say about me: “In September, one berry is a rowan, and even that one is bitter.”

Autumn: Beautiful girls

Get into the circle quickly.

Round dance "Rowanushka"

Start it smoothly.

Girls perform the round dance "Rowanushka"

(Russian folk music).

September: Your round dance is so good -

You just can't take your eyes off it!

They bring out the table with cabbage.

Autumn: The lady sat down in the garden bed,

Dressed in noisy silks.

We are preparing tubs for her

And half a bag of coarse salt!

1 child: Our harvest is good, it is abundant!

Oh yes, white cabbage is good!

2nd child: On Vozdvizhenie the first lady is cabbage.

3rd child: After all, without cabbage, cabbage soup will not be thick!

4th child: Bread and cabbage will not allow dashing.

Autumn: Help me chop the cabbage,

Help me console her!

September: On the Feast of the Exaltation they began to chop cabbage

And salt it for the winter.

Chopping cabbage served as an occasion for public parties.

5th child: Cabbage evenings came to us:

On horses, on foxes, sables.

Round dance “Capustka” (Russian folk melody).

Autumn: Who is with me, who will play “pegs” with me?

Children: You and I, you and I will play Pegs!

The game “Peg Pegs” is being played (Russian folk melody)

girls choose boys (“pegs”). Girls stand, boys crouch, the “driver” is outside the circle.

I'm walking around

I'm building a fence.

I'm looking for some pegs.

(Selects a “peg” and approaches the Mistress):

Kuma (kum), godmother (kum), give me the peg!

Buy it!

What's it worth?

A head of cabbage, a broom, and a ruble of money.

Well, then shake hands and go to the bathhouse.

All children: One, two, three - run!

(Whoever comes running first becomes the “Master”.)

At the end of the game, they take their places on the chairs.

Autumn: September has just left the yard -

His brother came to us - October!

October (coming out):

In October there will be a holiday of the Intercession.

Know that winter in Rus' is cold and harsh.

Repair the hut so as not to freeze until the Intercession.

And put the beehives in the cellar -

According to ancient custom, celebrate the holiday of honey.

The round dance “As on the Day of Intercession” is performed

(Russian folk melody).

Girls (singing): Like on the day of Intercession

They wove many carpets.

Oh, lyuli, lyuli, lyuli,

They wove many carpets.

The first is herbal,

Summer is hot.

Oh, lyuli, lyuli, lyuli,

Summer is hot.

And the second carpet -

Dry leaves.

Oh, lyuli, lyuli, lyuli,

Dry leaves.

The third carpet is snow,

And he won't last forever either.

Oh, lyuli, lyuli, lyuli,

And he won't last forever either.

Boy: The songs were sung well

Dear girlfriends,

Just for the get-togethers

Without our ditty!

Ditties

Children (play ditties one by one):

Oh, laughing girls,

Start singing ditties.

Start quickly

To please the guys.

All the Dubrava girls,

We are breaking beauty records.

Beauty recipes

We take it from the garden.

Why, like a little man,

Is the cucumber all covered in goosebumps?

He's lying in the sun

Why is he trembling?

My darling sent me

A note for the holiday,

That he adores me

Like a salad with radishes.

There are a hundred suitors now

Under my window

Everyone wants to receive

Pie with potatoes.

I caught a mouse in a cage

And he locked it there tightly.

After all, you can’t assemble without a mouse

There's a turnip in the garden.

Together: If there were no wheat,

There would be no cheesecake,

They sang as best they could

We are ditties for everyone!

Autumn: Now the time has come,

It's November outside.

1 child: In November, winter and autumn are fought.

2nd child: November is capricious - sometimes it cries, sometimes it laughs.

November: And November laughs on its main holidays,

Inviting you to sing majestic songs to the feast,

To celebrate people's glorious works.

All children: Finished the job - go for a walk!

Held music game“Don’t be late” (Russian folk melody):

Autumn: This is how it goes in Rus',

What talented people

He is both a reaper and a Swiss,

And there is a player on the pipe.

Well, how will he go dancing?

No one can resist!

Russian folk dance “Heels”

Autumn: Which fun party we succeeded.

And you guys probably realized that autumn is a wonderful time of year.

And I brought you an autumn treat - ruddy and sweet apples.

Treat.

Presenter: And when the whole year has passed, we will meet you again

And let’s say together: “It’s good in autumn in Russia!”

All children: Autumn, autumn, mercy is visiting again.

Autumn says goodbye and leaves.