As a rule, our knowledge of body temperature is limited to the concept of “normal” or “elevated”. In reality, this indicator is much more informative, and some of this knowledge is simply necessary to monitor health status in order to successfully maintain it.

What is the norm?

Body temperature is an indicator of the thermal state of the body, which reflects the relationship between heat production and heat exchange between it and the environment. Different parts of the body are used to measure temperature, and the readings on the thermometer differ. The temperature is most often measured in the armpit, and the classic indicator here is 36.6ºС.

In addition, measurements can be taken in the mouth, groin, rectum, vagina, and external auditory canal. Please note that the data obtained using a mercury thermometer in the rectum will be 0.5ºC higher than when measuring the temperature in the armpit. And when measuring temperature in the oral cavity, on the contrary, the indicators will differ by 0.5ºC downward.

There are limits to body temperature that are considered physiological. Range – from 36 to 37ºС. That is, giving a temperature of 36.6ºC the status of ideal is not entirely fair.

In addition, physiological, that is, acceptable, changes in body temperature are influenced by a number of factors:
- Circadian rhythms. The difference in body temperature during the day ranges from 0.5–1.0ºС. Most low temperature- at night, in the morning it rises slightly and reaches a maximum in the afternoon.
— Physical activity (the temperature rises during it, because heat production at such moments is higher than heat transfer).
— Environmental conditions – temperature and humidity. To some extent, this is a reflection of the imperfection of human thermoregulation - he cannot instantly respond to changes in the environment. Therefore, at elevated ambient temperatures, the body temperature will be higher than normal and, accordingly, vice versa.
- Age: Metabolism slows down with age, and the body temperature of older people is usually slightly lower than that of middle-aged people. Daily temperature fluctuations are also less pronounced. In children, on the contrary, with intensive metabolism, more significant daily fluctuations in body temperature can occur.

Depending on the degree of temperature increase, it can be: subfebrile - from 37 to 38°C, febrile - from 38 to 39°C, pyretic - from 39 to 41°C and hyperpyretic - above 41°C. Body temperature below 25°C and above 42°C is considered critical, since metabolism in the brain is disrupted.

Types of fevers

Depending on the cause of the disease, the body's temperature reactions may differ. Temperature sheets are a great help in diagnostics. You can construct such a graph yourself: the time and date are displayed horizontally (the column is necessarily divided into two sub-items - morning and evening), and vertically - temperature values ​​with an accuracy of 0.1°C.

When analyzing the obtained curves, the following forms of fevers are distinguished:
- Constant. The temperature is elevated both in the morning and in the evening. Daily temperature changes are less than 1°C. This is the nature of hyperthermia in lobar pneumonia and typhoid fever.
— Wasting fever. Daily temperature changes can be 2–4°C. This is difficult for the patient to tolerate; when the temperature rises, he or she shudders; when the temperature drops, profuse sweating and weakness occur, and sometimes it drops sharply. arterial pressure, up to loss of consciousness. This type of fever is typical for advanced tuberculosis infection, sepsis, and severe purulent diseases.
- Intermittent fever. With it, there are days with normal temperature and days with temperature rises of 2–4°C. Such “candles” usually occur every 2–3 days. This type of fever occurs less frequently and is characteristic of malaria.
- Wrong fever. It is not possible to identify any pattern in temperature rises - the temperature rises and falls rather chaotically. The morning temperature, however, always remains lower than the evening temperature, in contrast to the reverse fever, when the evening temperature is lower. There is also no pattern in the temperature curve. Incorrect fever can occur with tuberculosis, rheumatism, sepsis, and the opposite can occur with brucellosis.

Hypothermia

If elevated temperature always immediately forces the doctor and the patient to look for its cause, then with low temperature (hypothermia) everything is different. Sometimes this is not given any importance, and in vain.

The two most common causes of hypothermia are:
— Hypothyroidism is a disease associated with a lack of thyroid hormones. As a result, many organs and systems of the body suffer, so hypothermia is a very valuable diagnostic sign for early detection diseases.
— Fatigue, mental and physical exhaustion can also affect metabolic disorders and lead to low temperature bodies. This happens during exams, overtime work, during recovery from serious illnesses and in cases of sluggish chronic diseases. There is only one way out - give the body a time out.

In practice, accidental hypothermia is often encountered, when the body temperature drops below 35 ° C in conditions of hypothermia. More often, elderly people, intoxicated people, or those weakened by any concomitant diseases find themselves in this situation. Although hypothermia allows for greater tolerance ranges than hyperthermia (there are known cases of survival even after a state of hypothermia below 25 ° C, which is considered critical), it is still impossible to delay the provision of assistance.

In addition to external warming, intensive infusion therapy (intravenous medicines), and, if necessary, use resuscitation measures.

What about the children?

The mechanisms of thermoregulation in children are imperfect. This is due to the characteristics of the child’s body:
- The ratio of skin surface to mass is greater than in adults, so the body must produce much more heat per unit mass to maintain balance.
— Greater thermal conductivity of the skin, less thickness of subcutaneous fat.
— Immaturity of the hypothalamus, where the thermoregulation center is located.
- Limited sweating, especially during the newborn period.

From these features follows a rule for caring for a baby that is somewhat complicated for mothers, but immutable from the point of view of the laws of physics: the child must be dressed in such a way that, depending on the ambient temperature, the clothes can be easily removed or “insulated.” It is precisely because this condition is not met that overheating and hypothermia occur so often in children, and the former is much more common.

Full-term newborns do not have daily fluctuations in body temperature; typical fluctuations appear closer to one month of age.

The two most common causes of fever in a child are colds and reactions to vaccination. It should be taken into account that the process of developing immunity to the antigen introduced during vaccination lasts up to 3 weeks. And during this period, the child may develop a fever. The timing of the formation of an immune response also depends on the type of antigen administered: ask whether the antigen was live or killed during vaccination.

The fastest rise in temperature occurs after DTP - on the very first day after vaccination. On the second day, the temperature may rise after administration of the same DTP, as well as after vaccination against hepatitis and Haemophilus influenzae. Days 5–14 are the period of possible hyperthermia after vaccination against measles, rubella, mumps and polio.

Post-vaccination temperature up to 38.5°C does not require treatment and usually lasts no more than 2 days.

Women are special creatures too

The cyclical nature of the processes occurring in the female body is also reflected in body temperature: in the first days of the cycle, body temperature drops by 0.2°C, before ovulation it drops by another 0.2°C, and on the eve of menstruation it rises by 0.5°C C and normalizes after the end of menstruation.

Of particular importance is the measurement of rectal temperature (in gynecology it is also called basal) - it can be used to determine quite important things:
- Days most favorable for conception. In the second phase of the cycle, the rectal temperature rises by 0.4–0.8 ° C, which indicates ovulation has occurred. For those wishing to get pregnant, these days (two days before and after the temperature rise) are the most suitable. To protect against pregnancy, on the contrary, during this period it is necessary to use contraceptives.
- Onset of pregnancy. Usually before the onset of menstruation basal temperature goes down. If it remains at a raised level during ovulation, the probability of pregnancy is very high.
— Problems with the course of pregnancy: if the basal temperature during an already diagnosed pregnancy decreases, this may indicate a threat of termination.

Tell your doctor about this change.
Rectal temperature is highly dependent on the measurement conditions, so it is very important to adhere to the rules: the measurement is carried out for at least 5 minutes, only lying down, at rest, after at least 4 hours of sleep.

So, the temperature of the human body can reveal a lot, it is an easily obtained, but very valuable source of medical information.

A healthy adult has daily fluctuations in body temperature: the minimum temperature is determined at 4-7 o'clock, the maximum at 17-19 o'clock. However, there is no single figure that would represent a “normal” temperature. Normal body temperature varies depending on age, time of day, physical activity, and environmental conditions.

Apparently, a single temperature value should not be taken as the upper limit of the norm. More accurately, normal body temperature can be described as a range of values ​​for each individual.

Children have peculiarities of temperature reaction

At the birth of a child, the rectal temperature is 37.7-38.2 0 C and is closer to the mother’s body temperature. Within 2-3 hours after birth, body temperature decreases by 1.5-2.0 0 C, and the axillary body temperature in newborns is 37.2 0 C, but then it decreases to 35.7 0 C and after 4 -5 hours increases again to 36.5 0 C. By the 5th day of life, the child’s body temperature is 37.0 0 C. In immature and premature children, more pronounced hypothermia is observed, which persists for several days. Often, on the 3-5th day of life, newborns experience a rise in body temperature to 38.0-39.0 0 C. This phenomenon is called transient hyperthermia and can be caused by bacterial colonization of the intestines, dehydration, etc.

In an adult, when measured in the axilla, normal body temperature fluctuations are 36.5-37.5 0 C. Axillary temperature can be 1.0 0 C lower than body temperature due to partial vasoconstriction of the skin; oral temperature may be falsely low due to rapid breathing. The maximum daily rectal temperature reaches, on average, 37.6 0 C, exceeding 37.8 0 C in half of the children. According to literature sources, a temperature above 38.0-38.2 0 C (when measured rectally) in infants and 37.2-37.7 0 C (when measured in the mouth) is outside the normal range, although this is quite rough reference point. Despite the fact that axillary temperature is 0.3-0.6 0 C lower than rectal temperature, there is no exact conversion formula. The temperature in the mouth is 0.2-0.3 0 C less than in the rectum. It is generally accepted that febrile axillary temperature in the vast majority of children (including those in the first months of life) corresponds to febrile rectal temperature.

Normal temperature fluctuations throughout the day

The first days of a child’s life are characterized by instability of body temperature during the day (fluctuations are noted when swaddling the child, after feeding).

Cyclic daily fluctuations in body temperature are formed by 1.5-2 months. life, when the daily rhythm of breathing and heart rate is established. The range of fluctuations in body temperature during the day in the first days of life is 0.3 0 C, at 2-3 months. – 0.6 0 C, and by 3-5 years it reaches 1.0 0 C, in some children – 1.3 0 C.

A typical circadian rhythm of body temperature is established by the age of 2 years. The most heat usually occurs in the afternoon (between 17:00 and 19:00), and the minimum occurs in the early morning (between 4:00-7:00). In premature babies, fluctuations in body temperature during the day are established later than in full-term babies, reflecting the state of physical and psycho-emotional activity of children.

In healthy children, a moderate increase in body temperature during the daytime up to 37.3-37.5 0 C can be detected without deterioration in health. The reason for this increase in temperature may be the activation energy metabolism, associated with food intake, high physical activity “motor hyperthermia” or psycho-emotional arousal of the child. In emotionally excitable children, body temperature fluctuations during the day are more pronounced.

Causes of fever

Fever(Greek: febtis, pyrexia) is a protective-adaptive reaction of the body that occurs in response to exposure to pathogenic stimuli and is characterized by a restructuring of thermoregulation processes, leading to an increase in body temperature.

An increase in body temperature can be due to various reasons, which are usually divided into exogenous and endogenous. Temperature rise at infectious diseases induced exogenous pyrogens produced by various microorganisms. Exogenous pyrogens activate cells involved in the formation of inflammation (mainly monocytes and macrophages), which produce inflammatory cytokines, (endogenous pyrogens): interleukin-1, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-alpha, etc., acting on the preoptic region of the anterior hypothalamus, where prostaglandin E 2 is synthesized from arachidonic acid, thus inducing fever.

The core temperature of the body is set at anterior hypothalamus. Deviations in body temperature are recorded by thermosensitive neurons of the preoptic nuclei, which then regulate the autonomic responses of sweat glands, blood vessels, somatic neurons and skeletal muscles.

Increased body temperature contributes to a more effective fight against pathogens: strengthening of nonspecific, cellular and humoral immunity, as well as direct bactericidal effect. Many cytokines begin to be produced only at temperatures above 38.5 0. Inflammatory cytokines induce the synthesis of proteins in the acute phase of inflammation, stimulate leukocytosis, activate the adrenal cortex, and rearrange metabolism for more intensive work of the body.

On the other hand, fever can have a pathological effect, lead to a significant increase in metabolic activity (by approximately 10% for every degree Celsius), while oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and insensible water losses increase. An increase in temperature is accompanied by an increase in heart rate by approximately 10-15 beats per minute, and respiratory movements by approximately 3-5 per minute per degree Celsius.

Fever lowers the seizure threshold in patients with a history of convulsive syndrome, and can provoke an attack in children (usually at the age of 6 months - 5 years), who are predisposed to simple febrile convulsions. Although an increase in body temperature in itself, in the absence of predisposing factors, should not cause an attack of seizures.

Every warm-blooded organism experiences daily fluctuations in body temperature. Such fluctuations are called circadian rhythms. For example, for the average person, the morning temperature may differ from the evening temperature by one degree.

Daily temperature fluctuations

The lowest body temperature is observed in the early morning - around six o'clock. It is about 35.5 degrees. A person’s temperature reaches its maximum in the evening and rises to 37 degrees and above.

The daily change in body temperature is closely related to the solar cycle, and not at all to the level of human activity. For example, people who, unlike others, work at night and sleep during the day, experience exactly the same patterns of temperature change - it rises in the evening and drops in the morning.

The temperature is not the same everywhere

The temperature of the human body changes not only depending on the time of day. Each organ has its own “working” temperature. For example, the temperature difference between the surface of the skin, muscles and internal organs can reach ten degrees. A thermometer placed under the armpit of a healthy person shows a temperature of 36.6 degrees. In this case, the rectal temperature will be 37.5 degrees, and the oral temperature will be 37 degrees.

What else affects temperature?

When the body is sharply mobilized, the body temperature also rises. This happens, for example, during intense mental work, as a result severe stress or out of fear.

Among other things, the dynamics of body temperature are influenced by factors such as age and gender. In childhood and adolescence, temperature changes more rapidly during the day. In girls it stabilizes by the age of 14, and in boys by the age of 18. At the same time, women's body temperature is, as a rule, half a degree higher than the temperature of men.

Sometimes it happens that a person convinces himself that his temperature is too low or high. This phenomenon is called a “psychosomatic temperature rise.” As a result of such self-hypnosis, body temperature can actually change.

Thermoregulation mechanism

The hypothalamus and thyroid gland control body temperature and change it. The hypothalamus contains special cells that respond to changes in body temperature by decreasing or increasing the production of thyroid-stimulating hormone. This hormone acts on the thyroid gland and causes it to secrete the hormones T4 and T3, which have a direct effect on thermoregulation. For temperature female body The hormone estradiol also affects. The higher its concentration in the blood, the lower the body temperature.

Body temperature regulation. In healthy people, despite differences in environmental conditions and physical activity, the range of changes in body temperature is quite narrow. A similar phenomenon is observed in most birds and mammals, called homeothermic, or warm-blooded. Violation of thermoregulation accompanies many systemic diseases, usually manifested by increased body temperature or fever. An increase in body temperature is such a reliable indicator of the disease that thermometry has become the most commonly used procedure in the clinic. Changes in temperature can be detected even in the absence of obvious febrility. They manifest themselves as redness, paleness, sweating, shivering, abnormal sensations of heat or cold, and may also consist of erratic fluctuations in body temperature within the normal range in patients on bed rest.

Heat production. The main sources of the main heat production are direct thermogenesis in the thyroid gland, as well as the influence of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) on the sodium pumps of cell membranes. Muscles play an important role in maintaining increased heat production by increasing shivering. Heat production by muscles is especially important because the amount of heat can vary depending on need. In most cases, these changes consist of a slight increase or decrease in the number of nerve impulses to the muscles, which leads to almost imperceptible tension or relaxation. In case of increased stimulation of heat production, muscle activity may increase to the point of trembling or generalized chills. The formation of heat during digestion in the gastrointestinal tract is also of great importance.

Heat dissipation. The body loses heat in several ways. A small amount is used to warm food and to evaporate moisture through the respiratory tract. Most of the heat is lost from the surface of the skin by convection, i.e., heat transfer to the surrounding air. Heat transfer by convection depends on the presence of a temperature gradient between the surface of the body and the surrounding air. The second mechanism of heat transfer is radiation, which can be represented as the exchange of electromagnetic energy between the body and the environment. The third mechanism of heat loss is evaporation. It becomes important in cases where the ambient temperature exceeds body temperature or when the temperature of the middle parts of the body rises under various loads.

The main mechanism for regulating heat transfer is a change in the volume of blood entering the peripheral vessels. Rich blood circulation in the skin and subcutaneous fat promotes the transfer of heat to the surface of the body, where it is released. In addition, heat transfer increases with sweating. Exocrine sweat glands are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, which in turn responds to cholinergic stimulation. Heat loss through sweat can be enormous; more than 1 liter of liquid can evaporate in 1 hour. The level of heat transfer during sweating also depends on the humidity of the surrounding air. The higher the humidity, the less possibility of heat loss through this route.

When there is a need to conserve heat, stimulation of the adrenergic autonomic nervous system leads to a sharp decrease in blood supply to the peripheral vessels. This causes vascular contraction and turns the skin and subcutaneous fat into insulating layers.

Redistribution of heat within the body. The redistribution of heat within the body depends on the transfer of heat from one organ to another nearby, and on circulatory convection, which is controlled by the movement of the total volume of fluids in the body and is responsible for the transfer of heat between cells and the blood flow. In a simplified way, the organism can be represented as a centrally located core with a constant temperature and an insulating shell surrounding it. The role of the membrane as a mediator of heat retention and heat transfer is determined, in particular, by its blood supply, as well as by the narrowing or dilation of blood vessels. Although the membrane is approximately the same throughout the body, some areas (such as the fingers) are particularly susceptible to cold due to the increased ratio of surface area to volume of blood flow. In addition, the blood flowing to the fingers has time to cool somewhat along the way. The insulating properties of the shell can be somewhat enhanced by clothing.

Neurogenic temperature regulation. Regulation of body temperature, including various physical and chemical processes that promote heat transfer or heat production, is carried out by brain centers located in the hypothalamus. In decerebrate animals, body temperature remains normal unless the hypothalamus is damaged. When the brain stem is cut, animals lose the ability to regulate body temperature, which tends to change depending on the ambient temperature. This condition is called poikilothermia. Experimental data suggest that the anterior preoptic area of ​​the hypothalamus and some centers of the spinal cord have neurons that are directly responsible for local temperature and act as sensors of internal temperature. These functions differ from integrative ones, which are responsible for thermoreceptors of the whole organism.

Factors influencing neurogenic regulation of body temperature. The temperature regulating system is built on the principle of negative feedback control and contains three elements common to the entire system: receptors sensitive to the temperature of the body’s core; effector mechanisms consisting of vasomotor, diaphoretic and metabolic effectors; integrative structures that sense when the temperature is too high or too low and initiate appropriate motor responses. The feedback system is called negative because an increase in the temperature of the body’s core activates heat transfer mechanisms, while a decrease in the temperature of the body’s core triggers the mechanisms of heat production and heat retention. Activation of effectors is carried out using a central integrative mechanism, which can be compared to a thermostat. This mechanism responds to a variety of stimuli, such as sensory impulses arising from flushing or sweating, behavioral stimuli, stress, endocrine influences, and possibly the temperature of the blood washing the hypothalamic centers. To some extent, these irritations affect the thermostat, thus activating the heat transfer or heat retention mechanism.

A classic example of the effect of endocrine mechanisms on body temperature is menstruation. Average body temperature of a woman in the second half menstrual cycle higher than in the period between the onset of menstruation and the time of ovulation. The feeling of heat followed by sweating that characterizes vasomotor instability in some menopausal women is undoubtedly the result of hormonal imbalance. Another example of the relationship between the endocrine system and thermoregulatory centers is the activation of the adrenal medulla in response to exposure to cold.

Normal body temperature. It does not make sense to set an exact upper limit for normal body temperature, since there are individual differences in the normal range for some individuals. There are people whose body temperature is always higher than normal, and significant fluctuations can be observed in them. Typically, an oral body temperature above 37.2°C in a person who is on bed rest, is considered to be a possible sign of the disease. In healthy people, body temperature can drop to 35.8°C. Rectal temperature is usually 0.5-1.0°C higher than oral temperature. In very hot weather, body temperature can increase by 0.5 and even 1.0 ° C.

In healthy people, body temperature may vary throughout the day. In the morning, oral temperature is often 36.1°C. During the day it gradually rises to 37.2°C and above between 18 and 22 hours, and then slowly decreases, reaching a minimum between 2 and 4 hours. Although it has been suggested that daily temperature differences depend on increased human activity during the day and rest at night, these indicators do not change in people who work at night for a long period and rest during the day. The structure of changes in febrile temperature in most diseases also tends to correspond to that which a given individual had during the day in a healthy state. Fever in most people with diseases accompanied by febrility peaks in the evening hours; temperature readings in the morning do not go beyond the normal range.

Body temperature is most labile in children younger age, they often experience transient increases during hot weather.

Heavy or prolonged exercise can also cause your body temperature to rise. For example, for marathon runners it ranges from 39 to 41°C. Marked increase in body temperature with physical activity usually compensated by hyperventilation, as well as vasodilation of the skin, leading to heat loss. However, these compensatory mechanisms may fail, leading to hyperpyrexia and then heat stroke. Many of these negative aspects of long-distance running can be prevented by running such events only when the air temperature is below 27.8°C, preferably in the early morning and evening hours, and only by ensuring that you drink plenty of fluids before and during the race.

How dangerous is low-grade fever? How to treat it and is it necessary to do it? Lots of questions! Let's try to figure them out

Expert - Candidate of Medical Sciences, neuropathologist Marina Aleksandrovich.

From childhood we all know that normal temperature body - 36.6 °C. However, it turns out that this well-established opinion is just a myth. After all, in fact, this indicator is for the same person in different periods life can change many times.

Where did you start galloping to?

For example, a thermometer can give different numbers over the course of one month, even if you are in full health. This is typical mainly for girls - their body temperature usually rises slightly during ovulation and normalizes with the onset of menstruation. Fluctuations can also occur within one day. In the morning, immediately after waking up, the temperature is minimal, and in the evening it usually rises by half a degree. Stress, food, physical activity, taking a bath or drinking hot (as well as strong) drinks, staying on the beach, wearing too warm clothes, an emotional outburst and much more can cause a slight temperature jump. And there are also people for whom the normal value on the thermometer is not 36.6, but 37 °C or even a little higher. As a rule, this applies to asthenic boys and girls who, in addition to an elegant physique, also have a fine mental organization. Low-grade fever is not uncommon, especially in children: according to statistics, almost every fourth modern child aged 10 to 15 years suffers from this. Typically, such children are somewhat withdrawn and slow, apathetic or, conversely, anxious and irritable. But even in adults this phenomenon is not unique. However, blame everything on individual characteristics the body is not worth it. Therefore, if the usual body temperature has always been normal and suddenly measurements taken with the same thermometer for quite a long time and in different time days began to show higher numbers than always, there is a significant cause for concern.

Where do the legs of the “tail” come from?

An elevated body temperature usually indicates the presence of an inflammatory process in the body or the presence of an infection. But sometimes the thermometer readings remain above normal even after recovery. Moreover, this can continue for several months. This is how post-viral asthenia syndrome is often expressed. Doctors in this case use the term “temperature tail”. A slightly elevated (subfebrile) temperature caused by the consequences of an infection is not accompanied by changes in tests and goes away on its own.

However, here lies the danger of confusing asthenia with incomplete recovery, when an increase in temperature indicates that the disease, which had subsided for a while, began to develop anew. Therefore, just in case, it is better to take a blood test and find out whether the leukocytes are normal. If everything is in order, you can calm down, the temperature will jump and jump and eventually “come to its senses.”

Another common cause of low-grade fever is stress. There is even a special term - psychogenic temperature. It is often accompanied by symptoms such as feeling unwell, shortness of breath and dizziness.
Well, if in the foreseeable past you have not suffered from stress or infectious diseases, and the thermometer still stubbornly creeps up, then it is better to be vigilant and get examined. After all, prolonged low-grade fever can indicate the presence of dangerous diseases. So it is imperative to understand where the legs of the “temperature tail” grow from.

By elimination

The first step is to exclude all suspicions of inflammatory, infectious and other serious diseases (tuberculosis, thyrotoxicosis, iron deficiency anemia, chronic infectious or autoimmune diseases, malignant tumors). First, you need to contact a therapist who will draw up an individual examination plan. As a rule, if there is an organic cause of low-grade fever, there are other characteristic symptoms: pain in different parts of the body, weight loss, lethargy, increased fatigue, sweating. When palpated, an enlarged spleen or lymph nodes may be detected. Usually, finding out the causes of low-grade fever begins with general and biochemical tests of urine and blood, X-ray of the lungs, ultrasound internal organs. Then, if necessary, more detailed studies are added - for example, blood tests for rheumatoid factor or thyroid hormones. If there is pain of unknown origin and especially with sudden weight loss, consultation with an oncologist is necessary.

"Hot" people

If examinations have shown that there is order on all fronts, it seems that you can calm down, deciding that this is your nature. But it turns out there is still cause for concern.

However, first let’s try to figure out where the elevated temperature comes from in the seemingly complete absence of organic reasons. It appears not at all because the body accumulates too much heat, but because it does not transfer it well to the environment. Disorder of the thermoregulation system physical level can be explained by spasm of superficial vessels located in the skin of the upper and lower extremities. Also, in the body of people with long-term fever, disruptions in the endocrine system can occur (their adrenal cortex and metabolism are often disrupted). Doctors consider this condition as a manifestation of vegetative-vascular dystonia syndrome and even gave it a name - thermoneurosis. And although this is not a disease in its pure form, because no organic changes occur, it is still not the norm, since a prolonged elevated temperature is stress for the body. Therefore, this condition must be treated. But, of course, not antibiotics or antipyretics - they are not only harmless, but in this case they are also ineffective.

Medicines for low-grade fever are generally rarely prescribed. More often, neurologists recommend massage and acupuncture (to normalize the tone of peripheral vessels), as well as herbal medicine and homeopathy. Psychotherapeutic treatment and psychological assistance often provide a lasting positive effect.

Greenhouse conditions do not help, but rather hinder getting rid of thermoneurosis. Therefore, for those who suffer from this disorder, it is better to stop taking care of themselves, and begin to harden and strengthen the body. People with problematic thermoregulation need:

● correct daily routine;
● regular nutritious meals with an abundance of fresh vegetables and fruits;
● taking vitamins;
● sufficient exposure to fresh air;
● physical education classes (except for team games);
● hardening (the method is effective only with regular and not one-time use).

By the way

Confusion in the testimony

Are you measuring your temperature correctly? Please note that a thermometer placed under the armpit may not provide entirely correct information - due to the abundance of sweat glands in this area, inaccuracies are likely. If you are used to measuring your temperature in your mouth (where it is half a degree higher than under your armpit), then know that the numbers will go off scale if you ate or drank something hot or smoked an hour before. The temperature in the rectum is on average a degree higher than in the armpit, but remember that the thermometer can “lie” if you take measurements after taking a bath or exercising. Measuring temperature in the ear canal is considered the most reliable today. But this requires a special thermometer and strict adherence to all the rules of the procedure. Any violations may result in an error.